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Philipp Wintersberger

Professor of Intelligent User Interfaces

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Publications

TitleYear
Proceedings of the MuM’23 Workshops on Making a Real Connection and Interruptions and Attention Management co-located with 22nd International Conference on Mobile and …
2025
Simone Kriglstein, Philipp Wintersberger
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Authors:Simone Kriglstein, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:05/05/2025
Description:This volume of CEUR-WS proceedings includes papers of the Workshop on Making A Real Connection: Pro-Social Collaborative Play in Extended Realities – Trends, Challenges and Potentials 2023 and the Workshop on Interruptions and Attention Management: Exploring the Potential of Generative AI 2023. The workshops were co-located with the ACM International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia 2023 in Vienna, Austria.
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Urban-engage: Pioneering urban planning with citizen-driven 15-minute city solutions
2025
Florian Michahelles, Andreas Riener, Ida Grundel, Suzan Boztepe, Kristina Trygg, Habaku…
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Authors:Florian Michahelles, Andreas Riener, Ida Grundel, Suzan Boztepe, Kristina Trygg, Habakuk Israel, Bastian Pfleging, Mettina Veenstra, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:05/05/2025
Publisher:Gesellschaft für Informatik
Description:We propose an innovative approach to empower urban planners by integrating comprehensive and qualified citizen input into the planning of the 15-minute city (15mC) through immersive digital technologies. Our methodology includes (1) enabling citizens to annotate their real environment using augmented reality, (2) generating urban space alternatives based on generative AI and citizen annotations, (3) allowing modifications to AI-generated alternatives, (4) providing immersive 3D simulation environments for experiencing these alternatives, and (5) facilitating better negotiation between citizens and political players to identify the optimal solution. This process aims to account for diverse stakeholder interests, ensuring inclusive contributions and an experiential understanding of potential urban adaptation.
Resources:[PDF] from kobv.de
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1𝑠𝑡“ International Workshop on Human And Technology“(i-WHAT) Theme: In the realm of ADAS
2025
Ankit R Patel, Philipp Wintersberger, Nathan Tenhundfeld, Dustin Souders, Tiziana C Cal…
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Authors:Ankit R Patel, Philipp Wintersberger, Nathan Tenhundfeld, Dustin Souders, Tiziana C Callari, Tanja Stoll
Publication date:05/05/2025
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Explainability Challenges in Continuous Invisible AI for Self-Augmentation
2025
Dinara Talypova, Philipp Wintersberger
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Authors:Dinara Talypova, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:05/05/2025
Description:Despite the substantial progress in Machine Learning in recent years, its advanced models have often been considered opaque, offering no insight into the precise mechanisms behind their predictions. Consequently, engineers today try to implement the explainability factors into the developed models, essential for trust and adoptancy of the system. Still, there are several blocks in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) research that cannot follow the standard design methods and guidelines for providing transparency and ensuring maintaining human objectives. In this position paper, we attempt to chart various AI blocks from the perspective of Human-Computer Interaction field and identify potential gaps requiring further exploration. We suggest three-level dimension classification: relations with humans (replacing vs augmenting), interaction complexity (discrete vs. continuous), and the object of application (external world or users themselves).
Resources:[PDF] from ceur-ws.org
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Electrifying Obstacle Avoidance: Enhancing Teleoperation of Robots with EMS-Assisted Obstacle Avoidance
2025
Ambika Shahu, Khaled Kassem, Leonhard Zehetgruber, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Micha…
HHAI 2023: Augmenting Human Intellect, 224-233
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Authors:Ambika Shahu, Khaled Kassem, Leonhard Zehetgruber, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:05/05/2025
Journal:HHAI 2023: Augmenting Human Intellect
Pages:224-233
Publisher:IOS Press
Description:We investigate how the use of haptic feedback through electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) can improve collision-avoidance in a robot teleoperation scenario. Background: Collision-free robot teleoperation requires extensive situation awareness by the operator. This is difficult to achieve purely visually when obstacles can exist outside of the robot’s field of view. Therefore, feedback from other sensory channels can be beneficial. Method: We compare feedback modalities in the form of auditory, haptic and bi-modal feedback, notifying users about incoming obstacles outside their field of view, and moving their arms in the direction to avoid the obstacle. We evaluate the different feedback modalities alongside a unimodal visual feedback baseline in a user study (unmapped: inline-formula unmapped: math unmapped: mi N unmapped: mo= unmapped: mn 9), where participants are controlling a robotic arm in a virtual …
Cited by:4
Resources:[PDF] from iospress.nl
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Towards a Generalized Scale to Measure Situational Trust in AI Systems
2025
Lena Dolinek, Philipp Wintersberger
CHI 2022 TRAIT Workshop on Trust and Reliance in AI-Human Teams (Virtual/New Orleans, L…
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Authors:Lena Dolinek, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:05/05/2025
Journal:CHI 2022 TRAIT Workshop on Trust and Reliance in AI-Human Teams (Virtual/New Orleans, LA, USA). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA
Description:Trust is a highly relevant concept determining how users interact with AI systems. However, while trust is a multi-dimensional construct influenced by various contextual factors, most subjective measurements assess it on a more general level. To better assess the situation-and context-specific nature of trust, we update the situational trust scale for automated driving to allow assessment in other domains. Initial results, based on a lab study with N= 23 participants who completed the scale after cooperating with AI systems in two independent scenarios (automated vehicle and AI-supported baggage scanner), confirm that all scale items load onto a single factor. However, additional investigations will be necessary to determine to which degree the scale is sensitive to variations in automation performance. Still, the updated scale can be considered a first step towards measuring situational in various application areas where users interact with automated and AI-driven systems.
Cited by:4
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Personality traits, risky riding behaviors and crash-related outcomes findings from 5,778 cyclists in 17 countries
2025
Sergio A Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boykob, Polina Buyvol, Isaac Castafleda, Bor…
, 134-137
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Authors:Sergio A Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boykob, Polina Buyvol, Isaac Castafleda, Boris Cendales, Arturo Cervantes, Tomas Echiburu, Mireia Faus, Zuleide Feitosa, Jozef Gnap, Kira H Janstrup, Irijna Makarova, Rich Mellroy, Miroslava Mikusova, Mette Meller, Sylvain G Ngueuteu-Fouaka, Steve O'Hern, Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo, Ksenia Sbubenkova, Felix Siebert, Jose Soto, Amanda N Stephens, Yonggang Wang, Ellias Willberg, Phillip Wintersberger, Linus Zeuwts, Zadir H Zulkipli, Luis Montoro
Publication date:05/05/2025
Pages:134-137
Publisher:Technische Universität Dresden
Description:The last few years have brought about a series of substantial changes for mobility on two wheels, especially if the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is considered as a relevant fact for transportation dynamics. Social distancing recommendations have promoted the use of individual transportation systems instead of massive transportations means. Consequently, riding a bike for urban trips has become increasingly prevalent in many countries. Besides an opportunity to make urban mobility more active and sustainable, this panorama poses the challenge to prevent that, along with its growing use, bicycle crashes ---and their consequences-might continue to increase. In this regard, recent studies have emphasized the role of individual differences and personality-related factors as potential issues influencing both cycling behaviors and traffic crashes suffered while riding.
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Artificial Intelligence for Attention Management in Human-Machine Cooperation
2025
Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:05/05/2025
Description:Humans increasingly share their attention among multiple digital technologies, and the negative effects of multitasking are well documented. A potential approach to improve the situation are Attentive User Interfaces that react to and guide human attention. Such interfaces could more precisely time their interruptions so that users can switch between activities more fluently. We suggest investigating how reinforcement learning could improve interruption timings, aiming to enhance efficiency in human-machine cooperation. To illustrate the approach, we present two case studies in different cooperation scenarios (visualcognitive dual-task and automated driving). We present promising early results, limitations, and challenges, which need to be resolved to realize the concept.
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In-situ analysis of behavior patterns and user experience of automated shuttle bus users
2025
Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
User experience design in the era of automated driving, 505-531
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:05/05/2025
Journal:User experience design in the era of automated driving
Pages:505-531
Publisher:Springer International Publishing
Description:Automated shuttle buses operating in public transport have recently gained a lot of interest. They are seen as an important supplement to public transport in suburban areas that could otherwise not be served economically. Besides, clock-face scheduling of transport services can be increased and demand-responsive transit can be introduced easily and at a reasonable cost. Especially that part of the population without a driving license could highly benefit, increase self-sufficiency and quality of life. Due to a lack of systems in operation, recent user studies in this area have been conducted using surveys or simulated environments (Wizard-of-Oz, VR). In this article, we discuss the results of two user studies conducted with an automated shuttle bus operating in the field. Its aim was to assess user experience, acceptance and (mis)trust of technology from both the perspective of passengers inside the vehicle as …
Cited by:3
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Let’s Share a Ride into the Future
2025
Martina Schuß, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
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Authors:Martina Schuß, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:05/05/2025
Publisher:ACM
Description:Automated Vehicles (AVs) are expected to radically disrupt our mobility. Whereas much is speculated about how AVs will actually be implemented in the future, we argue that their advent should be taken as an opportunity to enhance all people´s mobility and improve their lives. Thus, it is important to focus on both the environment and the needs of target groups that have not been sufficiently considered in the past. In this paper, we present the findings from a qualitative study (N=11) of public attitude on hypothetical implementation scenarios for AVs. Our results indicate that people are aware of the benefits of shared mobility for the environment and society, and are generally open to using it. However, 1) emotional factors mitigate this openness and 2) security concerns were expressed by female participants. We recommend that identified concerns must be addressed to allow AVs fully exploiting their benefits for society and environment.
Cited by:1
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Workshop on Intelligent Cyclist Support Systems and Applications
2025
Tamara von Sawitzky, Philipp Wintersberger, Andrii Matviienko, Andreas Löcken, Andreas …
, 10.18420/muc2021-mci-ws12-122
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Authors:Tamara von Sawitzky, Philipp Wintersberger, Andrii Matviienko, Andreas Löcken, Andreas Riener, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:05/05/2025
Pages:10.18420/muc2021-mci-ws12-122
Publisher:Gesellschaft für Informatik eV
Description:Although the number of cycling accidents increases, technology to improve traffic flow and safety was predominantly researched in the context of motor-powered vehicles in the past. While new assistance systems are being installed for driving safety in passenger cars, a similar development is lacking for bicycles. Although cycling support systems are slowly becoming an important research topic, there is still limited work addressing intelligent and collaborative applications for bikes. In this workshop, we will discuss and prototype potential intelligent support systems and their applications in the cycling domain. Our goal is to bring cycling and technology enthusiasts together to discuss and develop possible intelligent support systems that can enhance the cycling experience and make bikes a safer mode of transport.
Cited by:1
Resources:[PDF] from gi.de
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The Eternity Bike-Bringing Active Safety to the Bicycle
2025
Florian Michahelles, Philipp Wintersberger
Cycling@ CHI: Towards a Research Agenda for HCI in the Bike Lane at CHI’21, 5
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Authors:Florian Michahelles, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:05/05/2025
Journal:Cycling@ CHI: Towards a Research Agenda for HCI in the Bike Lane at CHI’21
Pages:5
Cited by:2
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Workshop on Designing Technologies for Future Forms of Sustainable Mobility
2025
Shadan Sadeghian, Maximilian Schrapel, Philipp Wintersberger, Christian Koetsierr, Matt…
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Authors:Shadan Sadeghian, Maximilian Schrapel, Philipp Wintersberger, Christian Koetsierr, Matthias Laschke, Michael Rohs, Johannes Schering, Andrew L Kun, Andreas Riener
Publication date:05/05/2025
Publisher:ACM
Description:Human transportation has a significant impact on carbon dioxide emissions. Recently several industries have focused on producing more sustainable transportation technologies. However, exploiting the emerging benefit of such technologies requires behavioral changes to integrate decisions and behaviors towards sustainable mobility in users’ everyday lives. In this workshop, we invite designers, researchers, and practitioners from the sustainable HCI, persuasive design, AutomotiveUI, and mobility communities to collaborate in finding ways to make future mobility more sustainable. Using embodied design improvisation and design fiction methods, we will explore the ways that systems affects behavior which then affect the environment..
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Automated driving: Towards trustworthy and safe human-machine cooperation/submitted by dipl.-ing. philipp wintersberger
2025
Philipp Wintersberger
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:05/05/2025
Description:Automated vehicles are gradually entering the market and the technology promises to increase road safety and comfort, amongst other advantages. An important construct guiding humans' interaction with safety-critical systems is trust, which is especially relevant as most drivers are consumers rather than domain experts, such as pilots in aviation. The successful introduction of automated vehicles on the market requires to raise the trust of technology skeptics, but at the same time prevent overtrust. Overtrust is already suspected of having contributed to a couple of-even fatal-accidents with existing driving automation systems. Consequently, there is a need to investigate the topic of trust in the context of automated vehicles and design systems which maintain safety by preventing both distrust and overtrust, a process also called" trust calibration". As the possibility to engage in non-driving related tasks is an important consumer desire, this work proposes to consider drivers' multitasking demands already in the vehicle design process to prevent emerging trust issues. Therefore, a framework integrating theoretical considerations from the domains of trust, human-machine cooperation, and multitasking is proposed. By aligning overall goals between the operator and the system whilst supporting drivers in tasks at the strategical, tactical, and operation level of control, a more trustworthy cooperation should be achieved. A series of studies was conducted to identify important dimensions of trust in driving automation as well as scenarios leading to distrust and overtrust. Those scenarios were then used to demonstrate how the structured approach provided by …
Cited by:8
Resources:[PDF] from jku.at
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Mensch oder Maschine? Direktvergleich von automatisiert und manuell gesteuertem Nahverkehr
2025
Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Isabella Thang, Andreas Riener
Autonome Shuttlebusse im ÖPNV: Analysen und Bewertungen zum Fallbeispiel Bad Birnbach a…
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Isabella Thang, Andreas Riener
Publication date:05/05/2025
Journal:Autonome Shuttlebusse im ÖPNV: Analysen und Bewertungen zum Fallbeispiel Bad Birnbach aus technischer, gesellschaftlicher und planerischer Sicht
Pages:95-113
Publisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Description:Da erst wenige automatisierte Fahrzeuge auf öffentlichen Straßen in Betrieb sind, ist aktuell noch unklar, ob potenzielle Nutzer diese akzeptieren und ihnen vertrauen. Um diesen Fragen nachzugehen, wurde eine Feldstudie mit 24 (jeweils zwölf älteren und jüngeren) Teilnehmern durchgeführt, wobei ein automatisiertes Fahrzeug direkt mit einem von menschlicher Hand gesteuerten Gruppentaxi verglichen wurde. Benutzerakzeptanz und-erlebnis, Vertrauen sowie subjektives Zeitempfinden wurden sowohl vor als auch nach der Fahrt mit dem jeweiligen Transportmittel mit standardisierten Messverfahren und Interviews erfasst. Die Resultate zeigen, dass automatisierte Fahrzeuge in ähnlichem Ausmaß akzeptiert werden wie auch menschliche Fahrer, jedoch gerade jüngere Probanden aufgrund der geringeren Geschwindigkeit der neuen Technologie gegenüber noch skeptisch eingestellt sind. Für diese Zielgruppe wirkte sich jedoch eine Fahrt mit dem automatisierten Fahrzeug positiv auf das Vertrauen aus. Eine Berücksichtigung der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse ist für eine weitere Implementierung der Technologie zu empfehlen.
Cited by:7
Resources:[PDF] from oapen.org
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Evaluierung von Benutzeranforderungen für die Kommunikation zwischen automatisierten Fahrzeugen und ungeschützten Verkehrsteilnehmern
2025
Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Löcken, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
Autonome Shuttlebusse im ÖPNV: Analysen und Bewertungen zum Fallbeispiel Bad Birnbach a…
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Löcken, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
Publication date:05/05/2025
Journal:Autonome Shuttlebusse im ÖPNV: Analysen und Bewertungen zum Fallbeispiel Bad Birnbach aus technischer, gesellschaftlicher und planerischer Sicht
Pages:115-132
Publisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Description:Spätestens seit erste automatisierte Fahrzeuge im Realverkehr getestet werden, tritt eine neue Frage immer mehr in den Vordergrund: Wie können diese mit anderen Verkehrsteilnehmern kommunizieren, wenn kein Insasse mehr als Fahrer permanent am Geschehen teilnimmt (Mahadevan et al. 2018; Mirnig et al. 2018)? Menschliche Verkehrsteilnehmer nutzen üblicherweise formlose Kommunikation, um Konflikte, z. B. Entscheidung über Vorrang in nicht-geregelten Situationen, zu vermeiden beziehungsweise aufzulösen. Dies umfasst nicht nur explizite Kommunikation (etwa Blinken, Hupen oder das Suchen von Augenkontakt), sondern auch Fahrverhalten oder Bewegungsmuster (Färber 2015). Welche Verhaltensmuster hierbei ausschlaggebend sind, ist nicht direkt geregelt, trotzdem schaffen es Menschen üblicherweise, die Signale anderer korrekt zu interpretieren und dabei Konfliktsituationen, meist unbewusst, zu lösen. Um diese Art der Kommunikation in automatisierten Fahrzeugen zu ersetzen, wurden sowohl von Fahrzeugherstellern als auch Forschern bereits verschiedenste Lösungen vorgeschlagen, wie etwa in den Außenraum gerichtete Bildschirme, die situationsabhängige Projektion von Fußgängerüberwegen, Visualisierungen mit Licht-und Tonsignalen bis hin zu geräteübergreifenden Systemen mit Smartphones, Smartwatches oder anderen „Wearable Devices “(Dey et al. 2018; Mahadevan et al. 2018; Mirnig et al. 2018). Dabei ist jedoch anzumerken, dass es nicht reichen wird,„nur “technisch ausgefeilte Konzepte zu präsentieren. Um die Verkehrssicherheit beim Mischbetrieb mit automatisierten Fahrzeugen zu erhalten …
Cited by:7
Resources:[PDF] from oapen.org
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Who is Generation A? Investigating the Experience of Automated Driving for Different Age Groups. AutomotiveUI’18, September 23-25, 2018, Toronto, Canada (2018)
2025
Anna-Katharina Frison, Laura Aigner, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
10 (3239060.3239087)
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Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Laura Aigner, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:05/05/2025
Volume:10
Issue:3239060.3239087
Publisher:Press
Cited by:2
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Moral behavior of automated vehicles: The impact on product perception
2025
Anna Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Schartmüller
, 10.18420/muc2018-ws15-0475
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Authors:Anna Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Schartmüller
Publication date:05/05/2025
Pages:10.18420/muc2018-ws15-0475
Publisher:Gesellschaft für Informatik eV
Description:With further development of automation, more responsibilities will be transferred from users to technology. Consequently, algorithms of highly automated vehicles should be programmed to behave similarly to the affect-and intuition-based reasoning of human drivers. This includes making decisions in various exceptional circumstances, such as moral dilemmas. We assume that the perceived quality of a holistic driving experience is dependent on the accordance of vehicles’ moral and ethical decisions with users’ expectations concerning values and attitudes. In this work, we discuss implementation strategies for moral behavior in automated driving systems in order to fulfill users’ needs and match their values. The reported findings are based on data from an online survey (n= 330). We investigated how subjects assess moral decisions and the overall product experience. Initial results show tendencies among subjects in accepting a decision over life and death and significant dependencies concerning the overall product perception.
Cited by:2
Resources:[PDF] from gi.de
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Cars in the Transition from Manual to Automated Driving
2025
Andreas Riener, Bastian Pfleging, Stefan Geisler, Alexander van Laack, Philipp Wintersb…
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Authors:Andreas Riener, Bastian Pfleging, Stefan Geisler, Alexander van Laack, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:05/05/2025
Publisher:Gesellschaft für Informatik eV
Description:Automotive user interfaces and, in particular, automated vehicle technology pose a plenty of challenges to researchers, vehicle manufacturers, and third-party suppliers to support all diverse facets of user needs. To give an example, they emerge from the variation of different user groups ranging from inexperienced, thrill-seeking young novice drivers to elderly drivers with all their natural limitations. To allow assessing the quality of automotive user interfaces and automated driving technology already during development and within virtual test processes, the proposed workshop is dedicated to the quest of finding objective, quantifiable quality criteria for describing future driving experiences. The workshop is intended for HCI, AutomotiveUI, and "Human Factors" researchers and practitioners as well for designers and developers. In adherence to the conference main topic "Spielend einfach interagieren" this workshop …
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6th Workshop “Automotive HMI”: Cars in the Transition from Manual to Automated Driving
2025
Andreas Riener, Bastian Pfleging, Stefan Geisler, Alexander van Laack, Philipp Wintersb…
, 10.18420/muc2017-ws09-0425
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Authors:Andreas Riener, Bastian Pfleging, Stefan Geisler, Alexander van Laack, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:05/05/2025
Pages:10.18420/muc2017-ws09-0425
Publisher:Gesellschaft für Informatik eV
Description:Automotive user interfaces and, in particular, automated vehicle technology pose a plenty of challenges to researchers, vehicle manufacturers, and third-party suppliers to support all diverse facets of user needs. To give an example, they emerge from the variation of different user groups ranging from inexperienced, thrill-seeking young novice drivers to elderly drivers with all their natural limitations. To allow assessing the quality of automotive user interfaces and automated driving technology already during development and within virtual test processes, the proposed workshop is dedicated to the quest of finding objective, quantifiable quality criteria for describing future driving experiences. The workshop is intended for HCI, AutomotiveUI, and “Human Factors” researchers and practitioners as well for designers and developers. In adherence to the conference main topic “Spielend einfach interagieren”, this workshop calls in particular for contributions in the in the area of human factors and ergonomics (user acceptance, trust, user experience, driving fun, natural user interfaces, etc.) and artificial intelligence (predictive HMIs, adaptive systems, intuitive interaction).
Resources:[PDF] from gi.de
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Senior drivers: Using the benefits of automated driving for the elderly
2025
Anna-Katharina Frison, Laura Aigner, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger
, 10.18420/muc2017-ws17-0409
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Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Laura Aigner, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:05/05/2025
Pages:10.18420/muc2017-ws17-0409
Publisher:Gesellschaft für Informatik eV
Description:Since the commercial launch of vehicles, life expectancy in Western countries almost doubled, and this trend is expected to continue. By 2060, some 30% of the society will be elderly people (aged 65+). It is obvious that the elderly will become an important target group for manufacturers of automated driving systems and that vehicle designers will have to deal with their special needs and requirements. This is further underpinned by the fact that most purchaser of (premium) vehicles are over 50. In this work, we discuss relevant aspects of the target group 65+ in the context of (highly) automated driving and propose a research method to identify how future interfaces for automated vehicles should look like. By performing a user-centered design process composed of different methods (user studies in driving simulators, think-aloud, and UX-curves), we hypothesize that the requirements of elderly people can be assessed adequately. The final result of this project should be a better understanding of critical issues for senior driver-passengers in terms of UX, user acceptance, and trust in technology.
Cited by:13
Resources:[PDF] from gi.de
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Trust in technology as a safety aspect in highly automated driving. i-com, 15 (3), 297–310
2025
P Wintersberger, A Riener
Alexander van Laack is a “Cockpit of the Future” project partner at Faurecia. In his ro…
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Authors:P Wintersberger, A Riener
Publication date:05/05/2025
Journal:Alexander van Laack is a “Cockpit of the Future” project partner at Faurecia. In his role, he is identifying disruptive technologies and developing strategies for innovative interior concepts. Alexander van Laack has more than
Volume:9
Cited by:4
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Trust in technology as a safety aspect in highly automated driving. i-com 15, 3 (2016), 297–310
2025
Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
DOI: http://dx. doi. org/doi 10
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:05/05/2025
Journal:DOI: http://dx. doi. org/doi
Volume:10
Cited by:5
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A flexible mixed reality test environment to improve simulation-based testing for highly automated driving
2025
A Riener, Ph Wintersberger, T Hempen, T Brandmeier, C Laurer, S Hasirlioglu, F Reway
Methodenentwicklung für Aktive Sicherheit und Automatisiertes Fahren, 192-204
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Authors:A Riener, Ph Wintersberger, T Hempen, T Brandmeier, C Laurer, S Hasirlioglu, F Reway
Publication date:05/05/2025
Journal:Methodenentwicklung für Aktive Sicherheit und Automatisiertes Fahren
Pages:192-204
Cited by:10
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Towards a personalized trust model for highly automated driving
2025
Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener, Linda Ng Boyle
, 10.18420/muc2016-ws08-0008
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener, Linda Ng Boyle
Publication date:05/05/2025
Pages:10.18420/muc2016-ws08-0008
Publisher:Gesellschaft für Informatik eV
Description:User acceptance of automated vehicles (and dependent dimensions such as road safety, frequency of use or level of recommendation) is said to be highly dependent on the operator’s individual trust in this technology. As a consequence, the development of driving functions and future driver-vehicle interfaces should allow for appropriate trust calibration. To better understand trust and the effect of mis-calibration on the way to a personalized trust model, we propose a set of trust-related research questions derived from related work and our own user studies. Based on preliminary investigation, we recommend examining 1) differences in users and subgroups of users, 2) different levels of trust based on situation or context, 3) methods for quantifying trust in naturalistic driving studies, and 4) definitions for an established/approved trust model and the individual calibration of the model with regard to driving behavior and automotive user interfaces. The final outcome should be a multidimensional trust model that fits the individual passenger/driver by dynamically adapting driving mode and UI representation/feedback.
Cited by:27
Resources:[PDF] from gi.de
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3D Theremin: A Novel Approach for Convenient Point and Click-Interactions in Vehicles
2025
Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger
3rd International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Ap…
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Authors:Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:05/05/2025
Journal:3rd International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AutomotiveUI’11). Adjunct proceedings
Description:Efficient and intuitive interaction with screens is a topic of ever increasing importance. The same applies for the car domain, where (i) navigation systems use large screens to provide information,(ii) traditional instrument boards are more and more replaced with fully configurable digital screens, and (iii) novel visual information systems such as the head-up display (HUD) find its way into. Capacitive proximity sensing has been identified as promising technique to cope with the lack of support for screen content adaptation by proposing eyes-free, contactless humansystem interaction in a mouse-like manner. While input with a single or dual dimensional capacitive proximity sensing device has been successfully demonstrated, the extension of the same paradigm to support “point & click” operations in 3D is a novelty discussed in this work.
Cited by:5
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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New Frontiers of Human-centered Explainable AI (HCXAI): Participatory Civic AI, Benchmarking LLMs, XAI Hallucinations, and Responsible AI Audits
2025
Upol Ehsan, Elizabeth A Watkins, Philipp Wintersberger, Carina Manger, Nina Hubig, Saip…
Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computi…
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Authors:Upol Ehsan, Elizabeth A Watkins, Philipp Wintersberger, Carina Manger, Nina Hubig, Saiph Savage, Justin D Weisz, Andreas Riener
Publication date:04/26/2025
Journal:Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Pages:1-6
Description:Explainable AI (XAI) is more than just “opening” the black box — who opens it matters just as much, if not more, as the ways of opening it. Human-centered XAI (HCXAI) advocates that algorithmic transparency alone is not sufficient for making AI explainable. In our fifth CHI workshop on Human-Centered XAI (HCXAI), we shift our focus to new, emerging frontiers of explainability: (1) participatory approaches toward explainability in civic AI applications; (2) addressing hallucinations in LLMs using explainability benchmarks; (3) connecting HCXAI research with Responsible AI practices, algorithmic auditing, and public policy; and (4) improving representation of XAI issues from the Global South. We have built a strong community of HCXAI researchers through our workshop series whose work has made important conceptual, methodological, and technical impact on the field. In this installment, we will push the frontiers of …
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New Frontiers of Human-centered Explainable AI (HCXAI): Participatory Civic AI, Benchmarking LLMs and Hallucinations for XAI, and Responsible AI Audits
2025
Upol Ehsan, Elizabeth Watkins, Philipp Wintersberger, Carina Manger, Nina Hubig, Saiph …
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Authors:Upol Ehsan, Elizabeth Watkins, Philipp Wintersberger, Carina Manger, Nina Hubig, Saiph Savage, Justin Weisz, Andreas Riener
Publication date:04/26/2025
Description:Explainable AI (XAI) is more than just" opening" the black box---who opens it matters just as much, if not more, as the ways of opening it. Human-centered XAI (HCXAI) advocates that algorithmic transparency alone is not sufficient for making AI explainable. In our fifth CHI workshop on Human-Centered XAI (HCXAI), we shift our focus to new, emerging frontiers of explainability:(1) participatory approaches toward explainability in civic AI applications;(2) addressing hallucinations in LLMs using explainability benchmarks;(3) connecting HCXAI research with Responsible AI practices, algorithmic auditing, and public policy; and (4) improving representation of XAI issues from the Global South. We have built a strong community of HCXAI researchers through our workshop series whose work has made important conceptual, methodological, and technical impact on the field. In this installment, we will push the frontiers of …
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Investigating the Effects of Sweating Avatars on Physiological and Perceptual Responses During Low-and High-Intensity Cycling in Virtual Reality
2025
Brenden Grace, Stephan Selinger, Philipp Wintersberger, Martin Kocur
Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computi…
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Authors:Brenden Grace, Stephan Selinger, Philipp Wintersberger, Martin Kocur
Publication date:04/26/2025
Journal:Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Pages:1-7
Description:Virtual reality (VR) enables users to experience avatars as their own body. Avatars can induce the Proteus effect—a shift in behavior and perception conforming to the avatar’s appearance. Previous work found that sweaty avatars can reduce the perceived exertion while cycling in VR. However, it is unknown if the effects of sweaty avatars depend on the cycling intensity and if they can also influence physiological responses. Hence, we conducted a study to investigate the effects of sweaty avatars on breathing responses and perception of effort while cycling at low and high intensities. We found that participants’ oxygen consumption and
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Investigating Walking Performance and Experience with Different Locomotion Technologies in VR
2024
Yu Wang, Jakob Eckkrammer, Martin Kocur, Philipp Wintersberger
Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, 51-60
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Authors:Yu Wang, Jakob Eckkrammer, Martin Kocur, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:12/01/2024
Journal:Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia
Pages:51-60
Description:Locomotion is crucial for moving in virtual worlds, and a plausible but realistic implementation is an essential component of locomotion technologies. Various locomotion technologies, such as treadmills or controller locomotion approaches have been developed to simulate continuous walking behavior in VR. However, it is unknown which locomotion technique provides higher walking performance and better walking experience. Hence, we conducted a user study with 15 participants to systematically compare three walking methods (real walking, walking with VR device controllers, and walking on an omnidirectional treadmill) in VR. We found that the omnidirectional treadmill decreased walking performance and increased simulator sickness, negatively affecting locomotion compared to real walking and using VR controllers. Furthermore, visual fidelity also affects walking performance in VR. We discuss potential …
Cited by:1
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Prolonged Usage of AI Assistant for Improving Multitasking Performance
2024
Dinara Talypova, Alexander Lingler, Philipp Wintersberger
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction, 404-407
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Authors:Dinara Talypova, Alexander Lingler, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:11/24/2024
Journal:Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction
Pages:404-407
Description: Studies across various task types suggest that collaboration between humans and AI leads to improved and more satisfying outcomes. However, the effects of prolonged use of AI on users’ skills and perceptions remain unclear. This study involved 12 participants using an AI-based assistant in a multitasking balancing game over five days. Our findings indicate that AI assistance improved participants’ performance, even for the condition that was not supported by AI, showing no deskilling effect. Additionally, participants experienced significantly lower cognitive load (measured via ocular pupil diameter) in the AI-supported condition. This suggests that AI-assisted training can enhance multitasking motor skills in a less stressful and cognitively demanding manner. We also found a positive correlation between users’ understanding of the AI assistant and its acceptance, highlighting the importance of transparency and …
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AITentive: A Toolkit to Develop RL-based Attention Management Systems
2024
Alexander Lingler, Dinara Talypova, Philipp Wintersberger
Adjunct Proceedings of the 37th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Tec…
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Authors:Alexander Lingler, Dinara Talypova, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:10/13/2024
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 37th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology
Pages:1-3
Description: In today’s fast-paced world, multitasking is common and affects productivity, decision-making, and cognition. Understanding its complexities is crucial for improving well-being, efficiency, and task management. Attention management systems optimize notification and interruption timings. This work introduces AITentive, an open-source Unity3D toolkit for multitasking research and developing attention management systems with reinforcement learning. The toolkit offers customizable tasks, built-in measurements, and a uniform interface for adding tasks, using Unity ML agents to develop and train attention management systems based on user models.
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Investigation of Simulator Sickness in Walking with Multiple Locomotion Technologies in Virtual Reality
2024
Yu Wang, Jakob Eckkrammer, Martin Kocur, Philipp Wintersberger
Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, 1-2
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Authors:Yu Wang, Jakob Eckkrammer, Martin Kocur, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:10/09/2024
Journal:Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
Pages:1-2
Description: With the increasing development of Virtual Reality, locomotion has become an essential component of interaction in VR. Currently, various locomotion technologies have been developed to provide users with a natural walking experience in virtual environments. However, the multiple walking techniques impact users’ walking experience in different ways. Simulator sickness is a common issue in VR experiences. Since different walking methods may influence simulator sickness differently, we conducted a user study to evaluate simulator sickness in walking with three relevant walking methods: real walking, arm-swing, and omnidirectional treadmill, and the results indicated that these three walking methods caused different levels of simulator sickness, and people perceived stronger sickness when they walked on the omnidirectional treadmill.
Cited by:2
Resources:[PDF] from tuwien.at
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Designing Technologies for Socially and Environmentally Sustainable Mobility
2024
Shadan Sadeghian, Hatice Şahin İppoliti, Debargha Dey, Philipp Wintersberger
Adjunct Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
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Authors:Shadan Sadeghian, Hatice Şahin İppoliti, Debargha Dey, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/22/2024
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:242-246
Description: In this workshop, we aim to explore how the design of technology can encourage sustainable mobility practices and facilitate interactions that promote environmentally friendly, prosocial transportation choices. We intend to identify real-world scenarios where these interactions can be implemented, discuss the challenges and opportunities they present, and develop actionable strategies for their application. We will use speculative design methods such as design fiction and anticipatory ethnography to envision alternative future mobility practices. This holistic approach aims to create a comprehensive understanding of how technology can shape sustainable and inclusive mobility ecosystems, and critique the current practices. By bringing together researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders from various disciplines, we hope to foster a collaborative network that will drive future advancements in sustainable mobility …
Cited by:1
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Towards Seamless Remote Interactions: Exploring Novel Paradigms for Teleoperation of Autonomous Vehicles
2024
Felix Tener, Andreas Schrank, Philipp Wintersberger, Shadan Sadeghian
Adjunct Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
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Authors:Felix Tener, Andreas Schrank, Philipp Wintersberger, Shadan Sadeghian
Publication date:09/22/2024
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:256-259
Description: Autonomous vehicle (AV) technologies aim for fully self-driving cars but still require human intervention for edge-case road scenarios. Remote human operation can mitigate AV shortcomings through two major teleoperation paradigms: remote driving (tele-driving) and remote assistance (tele-assistance). Tele-driving involves a remote operator (RO) continuously controlling the vehicle, while tele-assistance allows the RO to make high-level decisions by delegating the execution to automation. Tele-driving is complex, mostly due to the physical disconnect between the RO and the AV and latency. Tele-assistance faces unresolved design, implementation, and regulatory challenges. This workshop provides a platform for researchers and practitioners to explore teleoperation challenges and opportunities. Participants will address teleoperation methods and design innovative remote AV operation paradigms through …
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How to Indicate Multiple Potential Hazards to Cyclists on Smart Glasses? Findings from a Focus Group Discussion with Research Experts and UX Students
2024
Tamara von Sawitzky, Philipp Wintersberger, Thomas Grauschopf, Andreas Riener
Adjunct Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
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Authors:Tamara von Sawitzky, Philipp Wintersberger, Thomas Grauschopf, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/22/2024
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:178-183
Description: Cyclists are exposed to numerous potential hazards in traffic, often due to interactions with motorized vehicles. Early notifications about these hazards could help cyclists react more consciously and proactively before a hazard materializes. Future technologies, such as connected traffic systems, could provide real-time hazard information via smart glasses. Similar to head-up displays in vehicles, relevant information is presented in the cyclist’s direct line of sight. A crucial aspect for usability is how visual information is presented to support cyclists, ensuring quick comprehension of notifications without causing additional distraction. Our study involved focus group discussions with two groups: cycling HCI researchers (NR=3) and user experience design master’s students (NU=4). We explored key aspects of delivering information through smart glasses for cyclists. Furthermore, we asked participants to generate visual …
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What Characterizes“ Situations“ in Situation Awareness? Findings from a Human-centered Investigation
2024
Philipp Michael Markus Peter Asteriou, Heike Christiane Kotsios, Philipp Wintersberger
Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
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Authors:Philipp Michael Markus Peter Asteriou, Heike Christiane Kotsios, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/22/2024
Journal:Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:216-226
Description: Situation Awareness (SA) is one of the core concepts describing drivers’ interaction with vehicles, and the lack of SA has contributed to multiple incidents with automated systems. Despite existing definitions and measurements, little is known about what constitutes the concept of situations from users’ perspective, i.e., do they have a similar or different understanding of situation dynamics? Therefore, we conducted a video-based experiment where participants had to mark the onset of new situations from their perspective, provide a continuous criticality rating, and justify their decisions in a post-test interview. Our results indicate that the understanding of situations, their complexity, and their duration is quite diverse between people and independent of properties such as age, gender, or driving experience, while partly being influenced by the road type. Additionally, we found correlations between subjective situation …
Cited by:2
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Only Trust a Hidden Wizard: Investigating the Effects of Wizard Visibility in Automotive Wizard of Oz Studies
2024
Heike Christiane Kotsios, Philipp Michael Markus Peter Asteriou, Philipp Wintersberger
Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
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Authors:Heike Christiane Kotsios, Philipp Michael Markus Peter Asteriou, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/22/2024
Journal:Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:74-82
Description: The Wizard-of-Oz method has been widely used recently as it allows mimicking automated vehicles with relatively few resources. In some studies, it is challenging to ensure that the wizard remains fully hidden from participants, despite this being a crucial aspect of such experiments. To determine whether participants’ awareness of the wizard influences the outcomes of these studies, we conducted an experiment investigating participants’ crossing behavior and subjective perception of a remote-controlled automated vehicle. Participants were exposed to two conditions: in one, they solely focused on a simulated vehicle driving autonomously; in the other, they observed a wizard with a remote control and were instructed to imagine the car was automated. Results, based on scales for user experience, acceptance, and trust, as well as crossing behavior, indicate similar results. However, participants’ knowledge of the …
Cited by:1
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Development and Evaluation of Advanced Cyclist Assistance Systems on a Bicycle Simulator
2024
Yu Wang, Sonja Dorfbauer, Linda Van Der Spaa, Alexander G Mirnig, Florian Michahelles, …
Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
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Authors:Yu Wang, Sonja Dorfbauer, Linda Van Der Spaa, Alexander G Mirnig, Florian Michahelles, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/22/2024
Journal:Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:283-293
Description: Research on cycling safety has recently gained the attention of the HCI community. While there have been multiple proposals for automated driving features on bikes, we are unaware of a project that systematically aims to translate and evaluate driver assistance systems from the automotive to the bike domain to promote cycling safety in traffic. Thus, we implemented an adaptive cruise control and a lane-keeping/centering system with hard- and software on a motion-based bicycle simulator and investigated their potential in a virtual reality experiment. Based on performance measurements and subjective ratings, results showed significant improvements in technology acceptance, subjective workload, and driving performance regarding the cruise control. In contrast, the lane-centering and lane-keeping features were rated significantly worse than the baseline without such assistance. The paper concludes with a …
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Changing lanes toward open science: Openness and transparency in automotive user research
2024
Patrick Ebel, Pavlo Bazilinskyy, Mark Colley, Courtney Michael Goodridge, Philipp Hock,…
Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
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Authors:Patrick Ebel, Pavlo Bazilinskyy, Mark Colley, Courtney Michael Goodridge, Philipp Hock, Christian P Janssen, Hauke Sandhaus, Aravinda Ramakrishnan Srinivasan, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/22/2024
Journal:Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:94-105
Description:We review the state of open science and the perspectives on open data sharing within the automotive user research community. Openness and transparency are critical not only for judging the quality of empirical research, but also for accelerating scientific progress and promoting an inclusive scientific community. However, there is little documentation of these aspects within the automotive user research community. To address this, we report two studies that identify (1) community perspectives on motivators and barriers to data sharing, and (2) how openness and transparency have changed in papers published at AutomotiveUI over the past 5 years. We show that while open science is valued by the community and openness and transparency have improved, overall compliance is low. The most common barriers are legal constraints and confidentiality concerns. Although research published at AutomotiveUI relies …
Cited by:3
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Expanded
2024
Juergen Hagler, Victoria Szabo, Philipp Wintersberger, Varvara Guljajeva, Bonnie Mitche…
Ars
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Authors:Juergen Hagler, Victoria Szabo, Philipp Wintersberger, Varvara Guljajeva, Bonnie Mitchell, Martin Kocur
Publication date:09/05/2024
Journal:Ars
Description:We live in hybrid spaces today. The display of our smartphones shows the weather forecast. Navigation systems inform us in real time about traffic jams and obstructions. Museums provide virtual guided tours or online talks. Cities and municipalities are developing digital twins for energy management, urban planning and architecture. The use of media is changing our conventional understanding of space. Most of the existing interactive applications are three-dimensional and object-based. Spatial and temporal data often remain separated. The joint visualization of spatiotemporal data therefore remains a problem. The pervasion of real and virtual spaces cannot be mapped operably and satisfactory in today’s software applications [46]. There is also a lack of a basic ontology for a common understanding of these two, often separately depicted domains. Therefore this paper develops a spatiotemporal model for visualizing dynamic topologies of hybrid spaces. The present version is an abridged version of previous work published as a preprint [13], supplemented by a new additional computer-generated 3D animation. Figure 1 shows a still image from this computer-generated animation. This paper contains a discursive part and a creative part with an accompaning empirical study. The discursive part deals with the most important existing concepts of hybrid spaces and presents a selection of seven types of representations of hybrid spaces. This is followed by a creative section in which the threeleveled spatiotemporal model for the representation of dynamic topologies of hybrid spaces is developed. The evaluation parameters (media types, modality …
Resources:[PDF] from tum.de
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Special issue on “User-centered advanced driver assistance systems (UCADAS)”
2024
Ankit R Patel, Philipp Wintersberger, Dustin Souders, Tiziana C Callari, Tanja Stoll
Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces 18 (2), 157-158
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Authors:Ankit R Patel, Philipp Wintersberger, Dustin Souders, Tiziana C Callari, Tanja Stoll
Publication date:09/01/2024
Journal:Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces
Volume:18
Issue:2
Pages:157-158
Publisher:Springer International Publishing
Description:Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces applicability of a one item measure as a proxy for measuring acceptance in driver-vehicle interaction studies”) performed their task using a BMW driving simulator with sixty-three participants. To validate the applicability of a single-item acceptance measure (SIAM), the authors used Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the van der Laan acceptance scale (VDL) in a simulator study. Martina et al.(“Human or robot? Exploring different avatar appearances to increase perceived security in shared automated vehicles”) conducted scenario-based online questionnaires where participants from Colombia (N= 57), Germany (N= 50), and South Korea (N= 29) were participated. The aim of the study was to measure the anxiety, security, trust, risk, control, threat, and user experience in the shared automated vehicles. Marwa et al.(“Truck drivers’ views on the road safety benefits of …
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Voice Assistants‘ Accountability through Explanatory Dialogues
2024
Fatemeh Alizadeh, Peter Tolmie, Minha Lee, Philipp Wintersberger, Dominik Pins, Gunnar …
Proceedings of the 6th ACM Conference on Conversational User Interfaces, 1-12
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Authors:Fatemeh Alizadeh, Peter Tolmie, Minha Lee, Philipp Wintersberger, Dominik Pins, Gunnar Stevens
Publication date:07/08/2024
Journal:Proceedings of the 6th ACM Conference on Conversational User Interfaces
Pages:1-12
Description:As voice assistants (VAs) become more advanced leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) and natural language processing, their potential for accountable behavior expands. Yet, the long-term situational effectiveness of VAs’ accounts when errors occur remains unclear. In our 19-month exploratory study with 19 households, we investigated the impact of an Alexa feature that allows users to inquire about the reasons behind its actions. Our findings indicate that Alexa's accounts are often single, decontextualized responses that led to users’ alternative repair strategies over the long term, such as turning off the device, rather than initiating a dialogue about what went wrong. Through role-playing workshops, we demonstrate that VA interactions should facilitate explanatory dialogues as dynamic exchanges that consider a range of speech acts, recognizing users’ emotional states and the context of interaction. We …
Cited by:2
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Trust in Automated Vehicles
2024
Francesco Walker, Yannick Forster, Sebastian Hergeth, Johannes Kraus, William Payre, Ph…
Frontiers in Psychology 15, 1404200
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Authors:Francesco Walker, Yannick Forster, Sebastian Hergeth, Johannes Kraus, William Payre, Philipp Wintersberger, Marieke Martens
Publication date:06/10/2024
Journal:Frontiers in Psychology
Volume:15
Pages:1404200
Publisher:Frontiers Media SA
Description:Automated vehicles (AVs) promise to change the future of transportation, offering unprecedented benefits, from increased safety to enhanced efficiency. However, the realization of these advantages depends on user trust in the technology. While there is widespread agreement on the pivotal role of trust, numerous questions persist. In this Research Topic, we present 15 studies addressing some of the most important issues, in particular:What is trust and how should we measure it?2) How does trust affect in-vehicle user responses?3) How do HMIs affect trust towards AVs?What is trust how should we measure it? Of key importance in developing a good understanding of trust are the methods, measures,
Cited by:1
Resources:[HTML] from frontiersin.org
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Development and classification of autonomous vehicle’s ambiguous driving scenario
2024
Tiju Baby, Hatice Şahin Ippoliti, Philipp Wintersberger, Yiqi Zhang, Sol Hee Yoon, Jieu…
Accident Analysis & Prevention 200, 107501
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Authors:Tiju Baby, Hatice Şahin Ippoliti, Philipp Wintersberger, Yiqi Zhang, Sol Hee Yoon, Jieun Lee, Seul Chan Lee
Publication date:06/01/2024
Journal:Accident Analysis & Prevention
Volume:200
Pages:107501
Publisher:Pergamon
Description:Human drivers are gradually being replaced by highly automated driving systems, and this trend is expected to persist. The response of autonomous vehicles to Ambiguous Driving Scenarios (ADS) is crucial for legal and safety reasons. Our research focuses on establishing a robust framework for developing ADS in autonomous vehicles and classifying them based on AV user perceptions. To achieve this, we conducted extensive literature reviews, in-depth interviews with industry experts, a comprehensive questionnaire survey, and factor analysis. We created 28 diverse ambiguous driving scenarios and examined 548 AV users' perspectives on moral, ethical, legal, utility, and safety aspects. Based on the results, we grouped ADS, with all of them having the highest user perception of safety. We classified these scenarios where autonomous vehicles yield to others as moral, bottleneck scenarios as ethical, cross …
Cited by:8
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Supporting Task Switching with Reinforcement Learning
2024
Alexander Lingler, Dinara Talypova, Jussi PP Jokinen, Antti Oulasvirta, Philipp Winters…
Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1-18
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Authors:Alexander Lingler, Dinara Talypova, Jussi PP Jokinen, Antti Oulasvirta, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:05/11/2024
Journal:Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Pages:1-18
Description: Attention management systems aim to mitigate the negative effects of multitasking. However, sophisticated real-time attention management is yet to be developed. We present a novel concept for attention management with reinforcement learning that automatically switches tasks. The system was trained with a user model based on principles of computational rationality. Due to this user model, the system derives a policy that schedules task switches by considering human constraints such as visual limitations and reaction times. We evaluated its capabilities in a challenging dual-task balancing game. Our results confirm our main hypothesis that an attention management system based on reinforcement learning can significantly improve human performance, compared to humans’ self-determined interruption strategy. The system raised the frequency and difficulty of task switches compared to the users while still …
Cited by:5
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Human-centered explainable AI (HCXAI): Reloading explainability in the era of large language models (LLMs)
2024
Upol Ehsan, Elizabeth A Watkins, Philipp Wintersberger, Carina Manger, Sunnie SY Kim, N…
Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1-6
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Authors:Upol Ehsan, Elizabeth A Watkins, Philipp Wintersberger, Carina Manger, Sunnie SY Kim, Niels Van Berkel, Andreas Riener, Mark O Riedl
Publication date:05/11/2024
Journal:Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Pages:1-6
Description: Human-centered XAI (HCXAI) advocates that algorithmic transparency alone is not sufficient for making AI explainable. Explainability of AI is more than just “opening” the black box — who opens it matters just as much, if not more, as the ways of opening it. In the era of Large Language Models (LLMs), is “opening the black box” still a realistic goal for XAI? In this fourth CHI workshop on Human-centered XAI (HCXAI), we build on the maturation through the previous three installments to craft the coming-of-age story of HCXAI in the era of Large Language Models (LLMs). We aim towards actionable interventions that recognize both affordances and pitfalls of XAI. The goal of the fourth installment is to question how XAI assumptions fare in the era of LLMs and examine how human-centered perspectives can be operationalized at the conceptual, methodological, and technical levels. Encouraging holistic (historical …
Cited by:10
Resources:[PDF] from nielsvanberkel.com
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Using demographic, psychosocial, behavioural and safety-related factors to assess cyclists‘ behaviour: A comparative approach across 19 countries
2024
Sergio A Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boyko, Polina Buyvol, Isaac Castañeda, Boris…
Data in brief 54, 110278
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Authors:Sergio A Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boyko, Polina Buyvol, Isaac Castañeda, Boris Cendales, Arturo Cervantes, Tomas Echiburu, Mireia Faus, Zuleide Feitosa, Cesareo Fernandez, Javier Gene-Morales, Bas de Geus, Jozef Gnap, Mohd K Ibrahim, Kira H Janstrup, Ignacio Lijarcio, Irina Makarova, Miroslava Mikusova, Mette Møller, Sylvain Ngueuteu-Fouaka, Steve O'Hern, Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo, German Rojas, Ksenia Shubenkova, Felix Siebert, Jose Soto, Amanda N Stephens, Yonggang Wang, Elias Willberg, Phillip Wintersberger, Yongzheng Yang, Linus Zeuwts, Zarir H Zulkipli, Rich McIlroy
Publication date:03/04/2024
Journal:Data in brief
Volume:54
Pages:110278
Description:This Data in Brief (DiB) article presents the differences in cycling behaviors related to violations, errors, and positive behaviors by region. The study data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire applied to a full sample of 7,001 participants from 19 countries, distributed over 5 continents. This paper proposes descriptive statistics, as well as common statistical tests. The aim is to enable authors to make their own analyses, not to provide precise interpretations. For further information about the macro project supporting the collection of these data, it is advised to refer to the paper titled “Cross-culturally approaching the cycling behavior questionnaire (CBQ): Evidence from 19 countries”, published in Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behavior.
Cited by:1
Resources:[HTML] from nih.gov
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To trust or distrust trust measures: Validating questionnaires for trust in ai
2024
Nicolas Scharowski, Sebastian AC Perrig, Lena Fanya Aeschbach, Nick von Felten, Klaus O…
arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.00582
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Authors:Nicolas Scharowski, Sebastian AC Perrig, Lena Fanya Aeschbach, Nick von Felten, Klaus Opwis, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Brühlmann
Publication date:03/01/2024
Journal:arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.00582
Description:Despite the importance of trust in human-AI interactions, researchers must adopt questionnaires from other disciplines that lack validation in the AI context. Motivated by the need for reliable and valid measures, we investigated the psychometric quality of two trust questionnaires, the Trust between People and Automation scale (TPA) by Jian et al. (2000) and the Trust Scale for the AI Context (TAI) by Hoffman et al. (2023). In a pre-registered online experiment (N = 1485), participants observed interactions with trustworthy and untrustworthy AI (autonomous vehicle and chatbot). Results support the psychometric quality of the TAI while revealing opportunities to improve the TPA, which we outline in our recommendations for using the two questionnaires. Furthermore, our findings provide additional empirical evidence of trust and distrust as two distinct constructs that may coexist independently. Building on our findings, we highlight the opportunities and added value of measuring both trust and distrust in human-AI research and advocate for further work on both constructs.
Cited by:8
Resources:[PDF] from arxiv.org
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Changing Lanes: Toward Openness and Transparency in AutoUI Research
2024
Patrick Ebel, Courtney Michael Goodridge, Aravinda Ramakrishnan Srinivasan, Mark Colley…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Patrick Ebel, Courtney Michael Goodridge, Aravinda Ramakrishnan Srinivasan, Mark Colley, Hauke Sandhaus, Philipp Hock, Philipp Wintersberger, Christian Janssen, Pavlo Bazilinskyy
Publication date:01/16/2024
Publisher:OSF
Description:The goal of this project is to assess the current state of openness and transparency in the AutoUI community. We want to investigate whether recent efforts towards open science in the broader scientific community are reflected in the papers published at the ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AutoUI). To do so, we will compare papers published in 2017 and 2018 with those published in 2022 and 2023, and compare the results for the openness and transparency criteria with those reported by Niksirat et al. for CHI (https://osf. io/k35w4).
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Yes, size does matter (for cycling safety)! Comparing behavioral and safety outcomes in S, M, L, and XL cities from 18 countries
2024
Sergio A Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boyko, Polina Buyvol, Isaac D Castañeda, Bor…
Journal of transport geography 114, 103754
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Authors:Sergio A Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boyko, Polina Buyvol, Isaac D Castañeda, Boris Cendales, Arturo Cervantes, Tomas Echiburu, Mireia Faus, Javier Gene-Morales, Jozef Gnap, Victor Gonzalez, Mohd KA Ibrahim, Kira H Janstrup, Irina Makarova, Miroslava Mikusova, Mette Møller, Steve O'hern, Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo, Ksenia Shubenkova, Felix W Siebert, Jose J Soto, Amanda N Stephens, Yonggang Wang, Elias S Willberg, Philipp Wintersberger, Linus Zeuwts, Zarir H Zulkipli, Rich C McIlroy
Publication date:01/01/2024
Journal:Journal of transport geography
Volume:114
Pages:103754
Publisher:Pergamon
Description:Aim Methods
Cited by:15
Resources:[HTML] from sciencedirect.com
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Let us Break the Time Barrier—Anytime Computing
2023
Florian Michahelles, Philipp Wintersberger
IEEE Pervasive Computing 22 (4), 55-57
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Authors:Florian Michahelles, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:12/05/2023
Journal:IEEE Pervasive Computing
Volume:22
Issue:4
Pages:55-57
Publisher:IEEE
Description:Thanks to the advances in communication technologies, the costs of connecting to our beloved ones over distance have become negligible. The provision of bandwidth, access to connectivity, and integration of cameras into almost any mobile device allows us to perceive what is happening with our communication counterparts visually. The emergence of telepresence robots even provides us with a remote presence in distant locations. Virtual and augmented environments blend virtual information worlds and physical settings into each other. All these developments together allow better communication and collaboration over distance. During the COVID-19 pandemic, an accompanying cultural and organizational transformation has also been triggered, allowing us to embrace and leverage these technological developments and thus enabling a new way of working. Employees fulfilling their duties from their homes …
Cited by:1
Resources:[PDF] from ieee.org
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MuM’23 Workshop on Interruptions and Attention Management
2023
Alexander Lingler, Dinara Talypova, Fiona Draxler, Christina Schneegass, Tilman Dingler…
Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, 5…
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Authors:Alexander Lingler, Dinara Talypova, Fiona Draxler, Christina Schneegass, Tilman Dingler, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:12/03/2023
Journal:Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia
Pages:548-551
Description: Attention management systems seek to minimize disruption by intelligently timing interruptions and helping users navigate multiple tasks and activities. While there is a solid theoretical basis and rich history in HCI research for attention management, little progress has been made regarding their practical implementation and deployment. Building sophisticated attention management systems requires a great variety of sensors, task- and user models, and multiple devices while considering the complexity of user context and human behavior. Novel AI technologies, such as generative systems, reinforcement learning, and large language models, open new possibilities to create intelligent, practical, and user-centered attention management systems. This proposed workshop aims to bring together researchers and practitioners from diverse backgrounds to discuss and formulate a research agenda to advance attention …
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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BikeSimWS: Workshop on Simulators, Scenarios, and Test Standard for Bicycle Research
2023
Philipp Wintersberger, Andrii Matviienko, Yu Wang, Patrick Ebel, Ammar Al-Taie, Stephen…
Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, 5…
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Andrii Matviienko, Yu Wang, Patrick Ebel, Ammar Al-Taie, Stephen Brewster, Florian Michahelles, Arjan Stuiver
Publication date:12/03/2023
Journal:Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia
Pages:552-555
Description: Research on cyclists‘ safety and comfort is a growing topic. Existing works address support systems with novel interaction concepts such as augmented reality but also the design and evaluation of high-fidelity bicycle simulators. Since the field is still in its exploratory phase, there have been few attempts to systematically provide guidance for conducting experiments. For example, there is no consensus on the choice of representative driving scenarios, the proper choice of different bicycle simulators, and measurement standards to systematically compare the results of different studies. With this workshop, we want the community to gather and discuss a roadmap for the future of HCI bicycle research so that these issues can be overcome.
Cited by:1
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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User-Centered Investigation of Features for Attention Management Systems in an Online Vignette Study
2023
Dinara Talypova, Alexander Lingler, Philipp Wintersberger
Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, 1…
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Authors:Dinara Talypova, Alexander Lingler, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:12/03/2023
Journal:Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia
Pages:108-121
Description: Notifications and interruptions have shown to significantly impede task performance while causing stress. Attention management systems aim at mitigating these negative effects, for example, by delaying interruptions to task boundaries or times of low mental load. However, while the theoretical benefits of such an approach are well-documented, it is quite unclear how holding back information from users is accepted, especially in times of the “always-on-mentality”. Thus, we conducted an online vignette experiment with N=163 participants, who were presented hypothetical private and work-related scenarios where interruptions are delayed by attention management systems. Participants rated how long they would allow particular interruptions to be delayed, as well as which data collection methods a system could use to perform these decisions. Our results show that interruption management is desired by potential …
Cited by:1
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Evaluation of imminent take-over requests with real automation on a test track
2023
Philipp Wintersberger, Clemens Schartmüller, Shadan Sadeghian, Anna-Katharina Frison, A…
Human factors 65 (8), 1776-1792
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Clemens Schartmüller, Shadan Sadeghian, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
Publication date:12/01/2023
Journal:Human factors
Volume:65
Issue:8
Pages:1776-1792
Publisher:Sage Publications
Description:Objective Investigating take-over, driving, non-driving related task (NDRT) performance, and trust of conditionally automated vehicles (AVs) in critical transitions on a test track. Background Most experimental results addressing driver take-over were obtained in simulators. The presented experiment aimed at validating relevant findings while uncovering potential effects of motion cues and real risk. Method Twenty-two participants responded to four critical transitions on a test track. Non-driving related task modality (reading on a handheld device vs. auditory) and take-over timing (cognitive load) were varied on two levels. We evaluated take-over and NDRT performance as well as gaze behavior. Further, trust and workload were assessed with scales and interviews. Results Reaction times were significantly faster than in simulator studies. Further, reaction times were only barely affected by varying visual, physical, or …
Cited by:30
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Ubiquity of VR: Towards Investigating Ways of Interrupting VR Users to Obtain Their Attention in Public Spaces
2023
Yu Wang, Raphael Johannes Schimmerl, Martin Kocur, Philipp Wintersberger
International Conference on Virtual Reality and Mixed Reality, 40-52
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Authors:Yu Wang, Raphael Johannes Schimmerl, Martin Kocur, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:11/25/2023
Journal:International Conference on Virtual Reality and Mixed Reality
Pages:40-52
Publisher:Springer Nature Switzerland
Description:The portability of mobile virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMDs) allows users to immerse themselves in a virtual environment wherever they want at any physical place. While mobile VR has the potential to become ubiquitous as smartphones, it is still rarely used. Social acceptability is an important factor determining the usage of mobile technology. Previous work suggests that VR HMDs are considered not socially acceptable during social interaction. However, it is still unknown why the acceptance of mobile VR is reduced when being surrounded by other people. Therefore, we conducted two studies to investigate if and how interruptions by bystanders while wearing a mobile VR HMD contribute to reduced social acceptability. In the first study, we performed an observation in natural environments to find out how people interrupt VR users. In the second study, we used the same set of scenarios in an …
Cited by:5
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Ubiquity of VR: Towards Investigating Ways of Interrupting VR Users to Obtain Their Attention in Public Spaces
2023
Philipp Wintersberger
Virtual Reality and Mixed Reality: 20th EuroXR International Conference, EuroXR 2023, R…
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:11/24/2023
Journal:Virtual Reality and Mixed Reality: 20th EuroXR International Conference, EuroXR 2023, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, November 29–December 1, 2023, Proceedings
Volume:14410
Pages:40
Publisher:Springer Nature
Description:The portability of mobile virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMDs) allows users to immerse themselves in a virtual environment wherever they want at any physical place. While mobile VR has the potential to become ubiquitous as smartphones, it is still rarely used. Social acceptability is an important factor determining the usage of mobile technology. Previous work suggests that VR HMDs are considered not socially acceptable during social interaction. However, it is still unknown why the acceptance of mobile VR is reduced when being surrounded by other people. Therefore, we conducted two studies to investigate if and how interruptions by bystanders while wearing a mobile VR HMD contribute to reduced social acceptability. In the first study, we performed an observation in natural environments to find out how people interrupt VR users. In the second study, we used the same set of scenarios in an online survey to gather the opinions of a larger user group. Our results reveal still high skepticism towards VR use in public spaces, which can be mitigated partly by VR experience.
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Trust in automated vehicles: constructs, psychological processes, and assessment
2023
Francesco Walker, Yannick Forster, Sebastian Hergeth, Johannes Kraus, William Payre, Ph…
Frontiers in Psychology 14, 1279271
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Authors:Francesco Walker, Yannick Forster, Sebastian Hergeth, Johannes Kraus, William Payre, Philipp Wintersberger, Marieke Martens
Publication date:11/23/2023
Journal:Frontiers in Psychology
Volume:14
Pages:1279271
Publisher:Frontiers Media SA
Description:There is a growing body of research on trust in driving automation systems. In this paper, we seek to clarify the way trust is conceptualized, calibrated and measured taking into account issues related to specific levels of driving automation. We find that: (1) experience plays a vital role in trust calibration; (2) experience should be measured not just in terms of distance traveled, but in terms of the range of situations encountered; (3) system malfunctions and recovery from such malfunctions is a fundamental part of this experience. We summarize our findings in a framework describing the dynamics of trust calibration. We observe that methods used to quantify trust often lack objectivity, reliability, and validity, and propose a set of recommendations for researchers seeking to select suitable trust measures for their studies. In conclusion, we argue that the safe deployment of current and future automated vehicles depends on drivers developing appropriate levels of trust. Given the potentially severe consequences of miscalibrated trust, it is essential that drivers incorporate the possibility of new and unexpected driving situations in their mental models of system capabilities. It is vitally important that we develop methods that contribute to this goal.
Cited by:22
Resources:[HTML] from frontiersin.org
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Team at Your Service: Investigating Functional Specificity for Trust Calibration in Automated Driving with Conversational Agents
2023
Philipp Wintersberger
International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 39 (16), 3254-3267
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:10/02/2023
Journal:International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction
Volume:39
Issue:16
Pages:3254-3267
Publisher:Taylor & Francis
Description:Functional specificity describes the degree to which operators can successfully calibrate their trust toward different subsystems of a machine. Only a few works have addressed this issue in the context of automated vehicles. Previous studies suggest that drivers have issues distinguishing between different subsystems, which leads to low functional specificity. To counter, this article presents a prototypical design where different in-vehicle subsystems are portrayed by independent conversational agents. The concept was evaluated in a user study where participants had to supervise a level 2 automated vehicle while reading and communicating with the conversational agents in the car. It was hypothesized that a clear differentiation between subsystems could allow drivers to better calibrate their trust. However, our results, based on subjective trust scales, monitoring, and driving behavior, cannot confirm this …
Cited by:1
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MagicMoves: A Gesture Creation Framework for Virtual Reality Applications
2023
Philipp Asteriou, Jeremiah Diephuis, Philipp Wintersberger
, 1-6
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Authors:Philipp Asteriou, Jeremiah Diephuis, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/18/2023
Pages:1-6
Publisher:IEEE
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Heavy haptics: Simulating weight in virtual reality applications
2023
Oliver Schober, Jeremiah Diephuis, Philipp Wintersberger, Wolfgang Hochleitner
, 1-6
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Authors:Oliver Schober, Jeremiah Diephuis, Philipp Wintersberger, Wolfgang Hochleitner
Publication date:09/18/2023
Pages:1-6
Publisher:IEEE
Description:Virtual Reality technologies have drastically improved over the last few years, but the physical experience of interacting with virtual objects and mass is still quite limited. Specially developed controllers and gloves technically exist, but most are still in development and not yet established as readily available industry solutions. This paper introduces “Heavy Haptics”, a novel haptic approach that combines offset tracking, rumble feedback and pressure sensors to elicit the sensation of weight without the need for dedicated hardware. We review related works on weight simulation to derive our design and present a quantitative evaluation method. To assess the system, we conducted a small pilot experiment with four VR experts. Our results suggest that Heavy Haptics is comparable to more sophisticated solutions using dedicated hardware. However, additional studies confirming our results need to be conducted in the …
Cited by:2
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Embodied Conversational Agent Teams for Trust Calibration in Automated Vehicles
2023
Marie Premstaller, Heike Kotsios, Philipp Wintersberger
Adjunct Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
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Authors:Marie Premstaller, Heike Kotsios, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/18/2023
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:71-76
Description: Representing sub-systems of automated vehicles with a team of conversational agents has been suggested in the past to improve the process of trust calibration. Experiments so far did not include embodied agents. In this work, we present two potential analogies derived from a company hierarchy and a spaceship crew. We developed comic strips showing everyday interactions with these agents in an automated vehicle and evaluated them in a Vignette study in comparison with single-agent approaches. Our results suggest that a multi-agent approach could be beneficial for trust calibration, but only for the company and not the spaceship analogy. Only some of the design decisions regarding the agents’ personalities worked out as intended. Still, we believe the concept is promising for future investigations.
Cited by:2
Resources:[PDF] from archive.org
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Breaking barriers: Workshop on open data practices in AutoUI research
2023
Patrick Ebel, Pavlo Bazilinskyy, Angel Hsing-Chi Hwang, Wendy Ju, Hauke Sandhaus, Aravi…
Adjunct Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
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Authors:Patrick Ebel, Pavlo Bazilinskyy, Angel Hsing-Chi Hwang, Wendy Ju, Hauke Sandhaus, Aravinda Ramakrishnan Srinivasan, Qian Yang, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/18/2023
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:227-230
Description: While the benefits of open science and open data practices are well understood, experimental data sharing is still uncommon in the AutoUI community. The goal of this workshop is to address the current lack of data sharing practices and to promote a culture of openness. By discussing barriers to data sharing, defining best practices, and exploring open data formats, we aim to foster collaboration, improve data quality, and promote transparency. Special interest groups will be formed to identify parameter sets for recurring research topics, so that data collected in different individual studies can be used to generate insights beyond the results of the individual studies. Join us at this workshop to help democratize knowledge and advance research in the AutoUI community.
Cited by:4
Resources:[PDF] from whiterose.ac.uk
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1st“ International Workshop on Human And Technology“(i-WHAT) Theme: In the realm of ADAS
2023
Ankit R Patel, Philipp Wintersberger, Nathan Tenhundfeld, Dustin Souders, Tiziana C Cal…
Adjunct Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
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Authors:Ankit R Patel, Philipp Wintersberger, Nathan Tenhundfeld, Dustin Souders, Tiziana C Callari, Tanja Stoll
Publication date:09/18/2023
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:215-218
Description:Over the past few years, there has been increased emphasis placed on the research and development of in-vehicle advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) that can be used in both traditional and self-driving (so-called, autonomous) vehicles. This is a huge step toward providing better comfort and improving the driver experience coupled with improvements to safety concerns. Despite this, we have found that drivers do not use the ADAS to its full potential in everyday use. This is something that has come to our attention. There could be a number of factors at play here. The primary purpose of this workshop is to shed light to the reasons why participants are not activating their ADAS and other comfort functions. In addition, it will serve as a useful benchmark against which to measure the progress of future driver expectations and requirements for ADAS.
Cited by:2
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A real bottleneck scenario with a wizard of oz automated vehicle-role of eHMIs
2023
Hatice Şahin İppoliti, Angelique Daudrich, Debargha Dey, Philipp Wintersberger, Shadan …
Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
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Authors:Hatice Şahin İppoliti, Angelique Daudrich, Debargha Dey, Philipp Wintersberger, Shadan Sadeghian, Susanne Boll
Publication date:09/18/2023
Journal:Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:280-290
Description:Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to encounter various ambiguous space-sharing conflicts in urban traffic. Bottleneck scenarios, where one of the parts needs to resolve the conflict by yielding priority to the other, could be utilized as a representative ambiguous scenario to understand human behavior in experimental settings. We conducted a controlled field experiment with a Wizard of Oz automated car in a bottleneck scenario. 24 participants attended the study by driving their own cars. They made yielding, or priority-taking decisions based on implicit and explicit locomotion cues on AV realized with an external display. Results indicate that acceleration and deceleration cues affected participants’ driving choices and their perception regarding the social behavior of AV, which further serve as ecological validation of related simulation studies.
Cited by:3
Resources:[PDF] from nsf.gov
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Spot’Em: Interactive Data Labeling as a Means to Maintain Situation Awareness
2023
Philipp Wintersberger, Michael Rathmayr, Alexander Lingler
Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Michael Rathmayr, Alexander Lingler
Publication date:09/18/2023
Journal:Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:72-80
Description: Appropriate monitoring and successfully intervening when automation fails is one of the most critical issues in level 2 automated driving, since drivers suffer from low situation awareness when using such systems. To counter, we present a gamified in-vehicle interface based on ideas from previous work, where drivers have to support the vehicle by pointing at other traffic objects in the environment. We hypothesized that this system could help drivers in the monitoring task, maintain their situation awareness, and result in lower crash rates. We implemented a prototype of this system and evaluated it in a lab study with N=20 participants. The results indicate that participants were looking more intensively at lead vehicles and performed stronger braking actions. However, there was no measurable benefit on situation awareness and intervention performance in critical situations. We conclude by discussing differences to …
Cited by:2
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Enhancing the Supervision of Out-of-View Robots: A Study on Multimodal Feedback and Monitoring Screens
2023
Khaled Kassem, Ambika Shahu, Christina Tüchler, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahel…
Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2023, 487-491
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Authors:Khaled Kassem, Ambika Shahu, Christina Tüchler, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:09/03/2023
Journal:Proceedings of Mensch und Computer 2023
Pages:487-491
Description:Objective investigating the effect of two support methods (multimodal feedback, monitoring screens, and a combination of both) on human dual-task performance, cognitive workload, and user experience when supervising an out-of-sight autonomous robot. Method A 2x2 within-group user study was conducted in VR with 26 participants involving a cognitive-cognitive dual-task setting. Participants had to simultaneously solve math problems and supervise the robot. Different support methods were provided: multimodal feedback, a screen showing real-time robot activity, and a combination of both. Objective performance metrics and subjective feedback on cognitive load and user experience were collected using standard questionnaires. Data were statistically analyzed, and thematic analysis was performed on post-study debriefing interviews. Results The support methods improved overall user experience and … ObjectiveMethodResults
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Skillab-A Multimodal Augmented Reality Environment for Learning Manual Tasks
2023
Ambika Shahu, Sonja Dorfbauer, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, 588-607
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Authors:Ambika Shahu, Sonja Dorfbauer, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:08/25/2023
Journal:IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction
Pages:588-607
Publisher:Springer Nature Switzerland
Cited by:5
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Interaction between automated vehicles and other road users
2023
Philipp Wintersberger, Debargha Dey, Andreas Löcken
Frontiers in Robotics and AI 10, 1228093
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Debargha Dey, Andreas Löcken
Publication date:06/16/2023
Journal:Frontiers in Robotics and AI
Volume:10
Pages:1228093
Publisher:Frontiers Media SA
Description:An increasing number of automated vehicles will pervade our traffic systems in the future. The absence of 2 a human driver requires these vehicles to communicate and interact with other traffic participants, such as 3 vulnerable road users (VRUs; pedestrians, cyclists, and emerging mobility forms like eBikes or scooters) or 4 drivers of manual vehicles. In this regard, various studies and concepts demonstrating so-called "external 5 Human-Machine Interfaces" (eHMIs) have been presented in the past couple of years. Many of these works 6 have investigated comparably simple scenarios, such as a single pedestrian aiming to cross the street when 7 an automated vehicle is approaching. In the future, research in this area will have to take more complex 8 situations into account. This drives the need for research addressing other situations involving groups of 9 vulnerable road users and traffic participants, different demographics with different accessibility needs, 10 and different scenarios including roundabouts or urban shared spaces, but also exploring the potential of 11 communication and interaction beyond such classical situations to improve cooperation in traffic.It is critical to contribute to a more systematic investigation of such communication and interaction 13 systems while providing a forum for thought-provoking ideas and concepts on how automated vehicles and 14 "Internet of Things" (IoT) technology can be utilized to increase safety, cooperation, comfort, empathy, 15 and understanding between a wide range of traffic participants.This Research Topic aims to address the before-mentioned aspects, but also goes beyond by asking • Loew …
Cited by:1
Resources:[PDF] from frontiersin.org
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Human-Centered Explainable AI: Coming of Age
2023
Upol Ehsan, Philipp Wintersberger, Elizabeth Anne Watkins, Carina Manger, Gonzalo Ramos…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Upol Ehsan, Philipp Wintersberger, Elizabeth Anne Watkins, Carina Manger, Gonzalo Ramos, Justin Weisz, Hal Daumé Iii, Andreas Riener, Mark Riedl
Publication date:04/23/2023
Description:Explainability is an essential pillar of Responsible AI that calls for equitable and ethical Human-AI interaction. Explanations are essential to hold AI systems and their producers accountable, and can serve as a means to ensure humans' right to understand and contest AI decisions. Human-centered XAI (HCXAI) argues that there is more to making AI explainable than algorithmic transparency. Explainability of AI is more than just “opening” the black box---who opens it matters just as much, if not more, as the ways of opening it. In this third CHI workshop on Human-centered XAI (HCXAI), we build on the maturation through the first two installments to craft the coming-of-age story of HCXAI, which embodies a deeper discourse around operationalizing human-centered perspectives in XAI. We aim towards actionable interventions that recognize both affordances and potential pitfalls of XAI. The goal of the third installment …
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Investigation of a Pitch Function for Motion-Based VR Bicycle Simulators
2023
Yu Wang, Martin Steinmetz, Sonja Dorfbauer, Florian Michahelles, Philipp Wintersberger
Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1-7
:mehr lesen
Authors:Yu Wang, Martin Steinmetz, Sonja Dorfbauer, Florian Michahelles, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:04/19/2023
Journal:Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Pages:1-7
Description: Research on cycling safety and comfort is becoming increasingly relevant in the domain of human-computer interaction. Many studies presented so far have been conducted on static bicycle simulators, which suffer problems of immersion and simulator sickness. Since previous publications on simulator design have suggested a positive effect of simulator tilt (lateral motion), we investigated the potential of simulator pitch (longitudinal motion). N=31 participants completed a test track with multiple flat, up-, and downhill sections while being supported with different pitch modes and a baseline without any motion. Our results suggest only a small impact of simulator pitch on simulator sickness and perceived immersion. However, we found out that study participants adjusted their pedaling strength based on the inclination of the test track, which we attribute to the plausibility illusion in virtual reality. The experiment …
Cited by:1
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Human-centered explainable AI (HCXAI): coming of age
2023
Upol Ehsan, Philipp Wintersberger, Elizabeth A Watkins, Carina Manger, Gonzalo Ramos, J…
Extended abstracts of the 2023 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems, 1-7
:mehr lesen
Authors:Upol Ehsan, Philipp Wintersberger, Elizabeth A Watkins, Carina Manger, Gonzalo Ramos, Justin D Weisz, Hal Daumé Iii, Andreas Riener, Mark O Riedl
Publication date:04/19/2023
Journal:Extended abstracts of the 2023 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems
Pages:1-7
Description: Explainability is an essential pillar of Responsible AI that calls for equitable and ethical Human-AI interaction. Explanations are essential to hold AI systems and their producers accountable, and can serve as a means to ensure humans’ right to understand and contest AI decisions. Human-centered XAI (HCXAI) argues that there is more to making AI explainable than algorithmic transparency. Explainability of AI is more than just “opening” the black box — who opens it matters just as much, if not more, as the ways of opening it. In this third CHI workshop on Human-centered XAI (HCXAI), we build on the maturation through the first two installments to craft the coming-of-age story of HCXAI, which embodies a deeper discourse around operationalizing human-centered perspectives in XAI. We aim towards actionable interventions that recognize both affordances and potential pitfalls of XAI. The goal of the third …
Cited by:21
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Cross-culturally approaching cycling safety from a behavioural perspective: a study in 19 countries
2023
Sergio A Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boyko, Polina Buyvol, Isaac Castañeda, Boris…
Transportation research procedia 72, 4143-4150
:mehr lesen
Authors:Sergio A Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boyko, Polina Buyvol, Isaac Castañeda, Boris Cendales, Arturo Cervantes, Tomas Echiburu, Mireia Faus, Zuleide Feitosa, Jozef Gnap, Mohd K Ibrahim, Kira H Janstrup, Ignacio Lijarcio, Irina Makarova, Cristina Marin, Rich McIlroy, Miroslava Mikusova, Mette Møller, Luis Montoro, Sylvain G Ngueuteu-Fouaka, Steve O'Hern, Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo, Ksenia Shubenkova, Jose Soto, Amanda Stephens, Yonggang Wang, Ellias Willberg, Phillip Wintersberger, Linus Zeuwts, Zahir H Zulkipli, Felix Siebert
Publication date:01/01/2023
Journal:Transportation research procedia
Volume:72
Pages:4143-4150
Publisher:Elsevier
Description:While promoting urban cycling has shown to represent several benefits for public health, risky behaviours might endanger cycling safety outcomes and discourage people from shifting to active transportation. Therefore, examining the relationships among riding behaviour, safety, and country-based figures seems valuable for promoting a safer and sustainable development of urban cycling worldwide. For this study, 7,001 urban cyclists from 19 countries provided data on their mobility patterns, cycling behaviours and safety outcomes. The results show that positive behaviours are overall more prevalent than risky ones. However, behavioural patterns largely vary depending on riders’ demographics and country-based indexes. It supports the idea that cycling behaviour remains a key contributor to cycling outcomes, as well as the need to fill many gaps endangering riding safety across many countries.
Cited by:2
Resources:[PDF] from sciencedirect.com
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Self-Balancing Bicycles: Qualitative Assessment and Gaze Behavior Evaluation
2022
Philipp Wintersberger, Ambika Shahu, Johanna Reisinger, Fatemeh Alizadeh, Florian Micha…
Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, 1…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Ambika Shahu, Johanna Reisinger, Fatemeh Alizadeh, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:11/27/2022
Journal:Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia
Pages:189-199
Description: Recently, researchers have proposed to develop automated self-balancing functions for bicycles to increase road safety and convenience. However, no study has investigated how self-balancing bicycles are perceived by potential users in a natural urban environment. Therefore, we conducted a field study using a modified “parent-child tandem” in which both the front and back seat passengers could share control of the riding dynamics. An experimenter in the back seat acted as an automated system, and participants in the front seat experienced the ride while responding to text messages on their smartphones. Based on interviews, video observation, and eye-tracking data, the results highlight potential use cases for self-balancing bicycles and uncover that trust and multitasking freedom can lead to similar problems as in automated cars.
Cited by:9
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Cross-culturally approaching the cycling behaviour questionnaire (CBQ): evidence from 19 countries
2022
Sergio A Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boyko, Polina Buyvol, Isaac Castaneda, Boris…
Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour 91, 386-400
:mehr lesen
Authors:Sergio A Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boyko, Polina Buyvol, Isaac Castaneda, Boris Cendales, Arturo Cervantes, Tomas Echiburu, Mireia Faus, Zuleide Feitosa, Javier Gene, Adela Gonzalez-Marin, Victor Gonzalez, Jozef Gnap, Mohd K Ibrahim, Kira H Janstrup, Arash Javadinejad, Irijna Makarova, Rich McIlroy, Miroslava Mikusova, Mette Møller, Sylvain Ngueuteu-Fouaka, Steve O'Hern, Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo, Ksenia Shubenkova, Felix Siebert, Jose Soto, Amanda N Stephens, Raquel Valle-Escolano, Yonggang Wang, Ellias Willberg, Phillip Wintersberger, Linus Zeuwts, Zarir H Zulkipli, Luis Montoro
Publication date:11/01/2022
Journal:Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour
Volume:91
Pages:386-400
Publisher:Pergamon
Description:Given different advances in applied literature, risky and positive behaviours keep gaining ground as key contributors for riding safety outcomes. In this regard, the Cycling Behaviour Questionnaire (CBQ) represents one of the tools available to assess the core dimensions of cycling behaviour and their relationship with road safety outcomes from a behavioural perspective. Nevertheless, it has never been psychometrically approached through a cross-cultural perspective. Therefore, this study aimed to perform the cross-cultural validation of the CBQ, examining its psychometric properties, reliability indexes, validity insights and descriptive scores in 19 countries distributed across five regions: Europe, America, Asia, Africa, and Oceania. For this purpose, it was used the data retrieved from a full sample of 7,001 urban cyclists responding to a large-scale electronic survey. Participants had a mean age of M = 36.15 (SD …
Cited by:27
Resources:[HTML] from sciencedirect.com
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An experience sampling study to evaluate why users dismiss smartphone notifications
2022
Alexander Neff, Philipp Wintersberger
Adjunct Publication of the 24th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction …
:mehr lesen
Authors:Alexander Neff, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/28/2022
Journal:Adjunct Publication of the 24th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services
Pages:1-5
Description:Smartphone users receive many notifications and frequently deactivate notifications from various application categories. To develop more intelligent notification systems in the future, knowledge of why users dismiss notifications is essential. Consequently, we conducted an experiment with N=17 participants using the experience sampling method. Whenever participants dismissed (i.e., “swiped away’’) a notification, they immediately had to provide a reason. Our results indicate that many dismissed notifications are still being considered as valuable as the notifications themselves contain valid information. Further, the individual reasons differ per app category, and also, the time until users interact with a notification correlates with their evaluation of being of value or not. We conclude with a list of recommendations for notification management systems.
Cited by:4
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Nudgit-reducing online news consumption by Digital Nudges
2022
Ambika Shahu, Alexander Melem, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
Adjunct Publication of the 24th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction …
:mehr lesen
Authors:Ambika Shahu, Alexander Melem, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:09/28/2022
Journal:Adjunct Publication of the 24th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services
Pages:1-5
Description: Users are increasingly feeling the desire to break free from digital restraints, whether it is the never-ending feeds of social media, the need to always be online, or the flood of breaking real-time news. Without assistance, achieving this goal appears practically unattainable. We developed a prototype application to let users self-regulate their online news consumption to better understand and support them. We investigated whether the prototypical nudges had an effect on how much time the participants (N=5) spent consuming digital news, how frequently they opened the prototype application and their awareness of their news consumption behavior. We demonstrated the potential of employing opening-counter, interceptor-view, and, content filter to help users reduce and become more conscious of their news consumption using the prototype application for two weeks. These insights may aid in the development of …
Cited by:6
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Development and evaluation of a motion-based VR bicycle simulator
2022
Philipp Wintersberger, Andrii Matviienko, Andreas Schweidler, Florian Michahelles
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6 (MHCI), 1-19
:mehr lesen
Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Andrii Matviienko, Andreas Schweidler, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:09/20/2022
Journal:Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
Volume:6
Issue:MHCI
Pages:1-19
Publisher:ACM
Description:Bicycle simulators are becoming an increasingly used research tool. However, due to the complex cycling dynamics, these simulators have issues of simulator sickness and perceived realism. A potential method to address these issues could be providing a motion-based tilting function. Some bicycle simulators with tilt functionality have already been presented but still lack a systematic evaluation. In this work, we present a motion-based bicycle simulator without centrifugal force simulation and the results from a user study that compared different tilt modes. N=31 participants completed a study in virtual reality with a strong and a weak tilt mode, as well as a baseline condition without movement. We discovered that weak tilting could significantly improve the cycling realism without decreasing cycling performance and simulator sickness. Furthermore, our research suggests that there is a sweet spot for a tilting function …
Cited by:20
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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What Is Happening Behind The Wall? Towards a Better Understanding of a Hidden Robot’s Intent By Multimodal Cues
2022
Khaled Kassem, Tobias Ungerböck, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6 (MHCI), 1-19
:mehr lesen
Authors:Khaled Kassem, Tobias Ungerböck, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:09/20/2022
Journal:Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
Volume:6
Issue:MHCI
Pages:1-19
Publisher:ACM
Description:Research in human-robot collaboration explores aspects of using interaction modalities and their effect on human perception. Particular attention is paid to intent communication, which is essential for successful interaction and collaboration. This work investigates the effect of using audio, visual, and haptic feedback on intent communication in a human-robot collaboration task where the collaborators do not share a direct line of sight. A user study was conducted in virtual reality with 20 participants. Qualitative and quantitative feedback was collected from all participants. When compared with a baseline of no feedback given to the participants, results show that using visual feedback had a significant impact on task efficiency, user experience, and cognitive load. Audio feedback was slightly less impactful, while haptic feedback had a divisive effect. Multimodal feedback combining the three modalities showed the …
Cited by:9
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Workshop on Automotive Mixed Reality Applications: Transitional Interfaces, Multi-User VR, and Helmet-Mounted AR for Cyclists
2022
Andreas Riegler, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger, Tamara Von Sawitzky, Ye Eun Song
Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
:mehr lesen
Authors:Andreas Riegler, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger, Tamara Von Sawitzky, Ye Eun Song
Publication date:09/17/2022
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:172-175
Description:With the increasing development of mixed reality (MR) technology and available devices, the number of its purposes and applications in vehicles and for road users increases. Mixed reality may help to increase road safety, allow drivers to perform non-driving related tasks (NDRTs), and enhance passenger experiences. Additionally, helmet-mounted displays (HMDs) for cyclists could leverage MR to augment cyclists’ vision and contribute to road and pedestrian safety. MR can also be helpful in the transition toward automated driving. However, there are still a number of challenges with the use of MR when applied in vehicles, and also several human factors issues need to be solved. Additionally, virtual reality (VR) has the potential to immerse passengers in virtual worlds and contributing to joyful passenger experiences. Current MR research usually focuses on one user at a time and at one point of the reality …
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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A Workshop on Driving Style of Automated Vehicles in Ambiguous Driving Scenarios
2022
Seul Chan Lee, Hatice Sahin, Yiqi Zhang, Sol Hee Yoon, Jieun Lee, Susanne Boll, Philipp…
Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
:mehr lesen
Authors:Seul Chan Lee, Hatice Sahin, Yiqi Zhang, Sol Hee Yoon, Jieun Lee, Susanne Boll, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/17/2022
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:182-185
Description: Highly automated driving systems have taken control of driving instead of human drivers, and this trend is expected to increase. However, we should have solutions if the driving algorithms cannot resolve ambiguous driving situations. What if a lead vehicle is significantly slower than the speed limit when an AV follows it? Should the AV overtake the leading vehicle, or should it continue following it at a lower speed? What if an AV lies in the gray area of passing a junction when the traffic light soon turns red? Should an AV stop or continue passing a junction? We must have answers to resolve such situations. As a starting point, this workshop explores user perceptions of AV driving behavior (i.e., driving style and policy) in potential ambiguous scenarios. Through this workshop, we will find out potential issues determining driving style and policy in ambiguous driving scenarios, enhancing road safety and convenience …
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Designing sustainable mobility: Understanding users’ behavior
2022
Shadan Sadeghian, Philipp Wintersberger, Matthias Laschke, Marc Hassenzahl
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
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Authors:Shadan Sadeghian, Philipp Wintersberger, Matthias Laschke, Marc Hassenzahl
Publication date:09/17/2022
Journal:Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:34-44
Description: Sustainable mobility not only requires eco-friendly transportation systems, but humans to fundamentally change their mobility behaviors. One way to instill change is designing technologies that incorporate sustainability goals and shape use towards these goals. This, however, requires acceptance. This study aims to understand people’s behaviors towards sustainable mobility and the factors influencing mobility choices. We analyzed 1150 Reddit comments from both climate-related and car-enthusiastic subreddits and coded them along the ”stages of behavior change” and ”theory of planned behavior” components applying a-priori and emergent coding methods. The results show that a behavioral change is not based on an information deficit, but on attitudes and control beliefs towards sustainable mobility. Despite a willingness to change, most remain in a state where no concrete action is taken. Based on this we …
Cited by:16
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Beyond the halo: investigation of trust and functional specificity in automated driving with conversational agents
2022
Anton Torggler, Justin Edwards, Philipp Wintersberger
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Anton Torggler, Justin Edwards, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/17/2022
Journal:Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:195-203
Description: Only a few works so far have addressed functional specificity for trust formation in automated driving. Previous research indicated that drivers could hardly distinguish between sub-systems, while their trust is influenced by other in-vehicle technologies. Thus, we conducted a user study where participants had to supervise a level 2 vehicle while reading and communicating with conversational agents. In two conditions, the vehicle was either represented by a single agent or by two agents that portrayed the driving automation and the infotainment system. We hypothesized that a clear differentiation between sub-systems could allow drivers to better calibrate their trust. However, our results show quite the opposite. Correlation analyses suggest that participants’ functional specificity was high, and they based their situational and general trust ratings mainly on the perception of the driving system. Also, dispositional trust …
Cited by:7
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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User Experience Evaluation of SAE Level 3 Driving on a Test Track
2022
Philipp Wintersberger, Shadan Shadeghian-Borojeni, Clemens Schartmüller, Anna-Katharina…
, 1409-1414
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Shadan Shadeghian-Borojeni, Clemens Schartmüller, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
Publication date:06/04/2022
Pages:1409-1414
Publisher:IEEE
Description:Studies on imminent Take-Over Requests (TORs) in automated driving have mainly addressed safety aspects rather than user experience (UX). In this study, we investigated the fulfillment of user needs during SAE L3 driving on a test track. Participants engaged in non-driving related tasks (NDRTs; using a smartphone or the auditory modality) had to respond to critical TORs to prevent an accident. Our results, based on qualitative methods, show that participants expect L3 vehicles to be safe and confirmed this assessment after the test track experience. Furthermore, participants preferred NDRTs using the auditory modality over the smartphone to maintain situation awareness. Our study indicates that drivers may behave responsibly in L3 vehicles, provided they are supported with user interfaces that fulfill their psychological needs.
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Human-Centered Explainable AI (HCXAI): beyond opening the black-box of AI
2022
Upol Ehsan, Philipp Wintersberger, Q Vera Liao, Elizabeth Anne Watkins, Carina Manger, …
CHI conference on human factors in computing systems extended abstracts, 1-7
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Authors:Upol Ehsan, Philipp Wintersberger, Q Vera Liao, Elizabeth Anne Watkins, Carina Manger, Hal Daumé III, Andreas Riener, Mark O Riedl
Publication date:04/27/2022
Journal:CHI conference on human factors in computing systems extended abstracts
Pages:1-7
Description: Explainability of AI systems is crucial to hold them accountable because they are increasingly becoming consequential in our lives by powering high-stakes decisions in domains like healthcare and law. When it comes to Explainable AI (XAI), understanding who interacts with the black-box of AI is just as important as “opening” it, if not more. Yet the discourse of XAI has been predominantly centered around the black-box, suffering from deficiencies in meeting user needs and exacerbating issues of algorithmic opacity. To address these issues, researchers have called for human-centered approaches to XAI. In this second CHI workshop on Human-centered XAI (HCXAI), we build on the success of the first installment from CHI 2021 to expand the conversation around XAI. We chart the domain and shape the HCXAI discourse with reflective discussions from diverse stakeholders. The goal of the second installment is to …
Cited by:121
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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Designing for continuous interaction with artificial intelligence systems
2022
Philipp Wintersberger, Niels Van Berkel, Nadia Fereydooni, Benjamin Tag, Elena L Glassm…
CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts, 1-4
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Niels Van Berkel, Nadia Fereydooni, Benjamin Tag, Elena L Glassman, Daniel Buschek, Ann Blandford, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:04/27/2022
Journal:CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts
Pages:1-4
Description: The increasing capabilities of Artificial Intelligence enable the support of users in a continuously growing number of applications. Current systems typically dictate that interaction between user input and AI output unfolds in discrete steps, as is the case with, for example, conversational agents. Novel scenarios require AI systems to adapt and respond to continuous user input, e.g., image-guided surgery and AI-supported text entry. In and across these applications, AI systems need to support more varied and dynamic interactions in which users and AI interact continuously and in parallel. Current methods and guidelines are often inadequate and sometimes even detrimental to user needs when considering continuous usage scenarios. Realizing a continuous interaction between users and AI requires a substantial change in perspective when designing Human-AI systems. In this SIG, we support the exchange of …
Cited by:12
Resources:[PDF] from ucl.ac.uk
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Would users accept electric muscle stimulation controlling their body? insights from a scenario-based investigation
2022
Ambika Shahu, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts, 1-7
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Authors:Ambika Shahu, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:04/27/2022
Journal:CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts
Pages:1-7
Description: Electric muscle stimulation (EMS) offers rich opportunities for haptic interaction. However, there is no comprehensive study assessing the user acceptance of this technology. Consequently, we synthesized four scenarios (motor learning, virtual reality, media player control, and pedestrian safety) based on various dimensions identified by the literature review. We assessed their user acceptance in an online survey (N=113) using the technology acceptance model (TAM). Our findings suggest that users may reject EMS systems if they perceive a high level of risk and lack of control over the environment. This was evident even in scenarios that could provide high benefits to users, such as accelerating the learning curve in motoric tasks. In contrast, EMS seems to be widely accepted for games and entertainment, represented by the virtual reality scenario in our study. HCI researchers should employ EMS to create more …
Cited by:12
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Scenario-based investigation of acceptance of electric muscle stimulation
2022
Ambika Shahu, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
Proceedings of the Augmented Humans International Conference 2022, 184-194
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Authors:Ambika Shahu, Philipp Wintersberger, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:03/13/2022
Journal:Proceedings of the Augmented Humans International Conference 2022
Pages:184-194
Description:Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) provides multiple interaction possibilities in various fields. It may transmit object affordances, user motions or give rich haptic feedback by adjusting stimulation settings, especially in virtual worlds. Parameters necessary to accept EMS, impacting how users perceive the technology, are yet not thoroughly studied. We investigated users’ acceptance of EMS by conducting an online survey (N=113) and an interview (N=5) study using four scenarios derived from the literature. We used the technology acceptance paradigm (TAM) to assess user acceptance and gathered factors for accepting/rejecting the technology. By connecting survey results and participants’ impressions of the four EMS scenarios to emerging themes, we can show that potential users reject EMS systems if they perceive a high level of risk and a lack of the sense of agency. We drew inferences based on our findings …
Cited by:6
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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The influence of experienced severe road traffic accidents on take-over reactions and non-driving-related tasks in an automated driving simulator study
2021
Klemens Weigl, Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger, Marco Steinhauser, Andreas …
Accident analysis & prevention 162, 106408
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Authors:Klemens Weigl, Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger, Marco Steinhauser, Andreas Riener
Publication date:11/01/2021
Journal:Accident analysis & prevention
Volume:162
Pages:106408
Publisher:Pergamon
Description:Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are an ever-existing threat to all road users. Automated vehicles (AVs; SAE Level 3–5) are developed in many countries. They are promoted with numerous benefits such as increased safety yielding less RTAs, less congestion, less greenhouse gas emissions, and the possibility of enabling non-driving related tasks (NDRTs). However, there has been no study which has investigated different NDRT conditions, while comparing participants who experienced a severe RTA in the past with those who experienced no RTA. Therefore, we conducted a driving simulator study (N = 53) and compared two NDRT conditions (i.e., auditory-speech (ASD) vs. heads-up display (HUD)) and an accident (26 participants) with a non-accident group (27; between-subjects design). Although our results did not reveal any interaction effect, and no group difference between the accident and the non-accident …
Cited by:15
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Chairs‘ welcome
2021
Natasha Merat, Shadan Shadegian, Christian Janssen, Ronald Schroeter, Philipp Wintersbe…
, VI-VIII
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Authors:Natasha Merat, Shadan Shadegian, Christian Janssen, Ronald Schroeter, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/09/2021
Pages:VI-VIII
Publisher:ACM
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The TOR Agent: Optimizing Driver Take-Over with Reinforcement Learning
2021
Jakob Kuen, Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger
13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular A…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Jakob Kuen, Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/09/2021
Journal:13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:47-52
Description: Various factors influence drivers’ response to Take-Over Requests in automated driving, and a wide range of designs have been proposed to improve transitions. Still, little research has investigated how systems could deliver Take-Over Requests at the best moment in time. In this paper, we sketch the idea of a reinforcement learning agent that learns to deliver Take-Over Requests at the right time so that drivers’ performance gets optimized, which could help to increase driving safety. We implemented such a system in Unity to evaluate this approach using a simple driver model. Our agent receives coordinates of the upcoming road segment and learns to deliver a Take-Over Request at an appropriate moment within a short time window. The reward function is composed to minimize the lateral deviation in the subsequent phase of manual driving. The initial results obtained are promising, and we will evaluate the …
Cited by:4
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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CUI@ Auto-UI: Exploring the Fortunate and Unfortunate Futures of Conversational Automotive User Interfaces
2021
Justin Edwards, Philipp Wintersberger, Leigh Clark, Daniel Rough, Philip R Doyle, Victo…
13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular A…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Justin Edwards, Philipp Wintersberger, Leigh Clark, Daniel Rough, Philip R Doyle, Victoria Banks, Adam Wyner, Christian P Janssen, Benjamin R Cowan
Publication date:09/09/2021
Journal:13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:186-189
Description: This work aims to connect the Automotive User Interfaces (Auto-UI) and Conversational User Interfaces (CUI) communities through discussion of their shared view of the future of automotive conversational user interfaces. The workshop aims to encourage creative consideration of optimistic and pessimistic futures, encouraging attendees to explore the opportunities and barriers that lie ahead through a game. Considerations of the future will be mapped out in greater detail through the drafting of research agendas, by which attendees will get to know each other’s expertise and networks of resources. The two day workshop, consisting of two 90-minute sessions, will facilitate greater communication and collaboration between these communities, connecting researchers to work together to influence the futures they imagine in the workshop.
Cited by:1
Resources:[PDF] from arxiv.org
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Gear Up for Safety: Development and Evaluation of an Assisted Bicycle
2021
Philipp Wintersberger, David Suppan, Andreas Schweidler, Florian Michahelles
13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular A…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, David Suppan, Andreas Schweidler, Florian Michahelles
Publication date:09/09/2021
Journal:13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:30-33
Description: Although cycling is a promising transport modality for the future, cyclists could not substantially benefit from the safety gain in the last decades. To improve cycling safety and convenience, as well as extending the user base, we proposed to develop a self-balancing, assisted, and connected bicycle that transfers several assistance functions from the vehicle to the cycling domain. In this work-in-progress we sketch our vision of this bicycle, discuss some challenges for its development, and present early results. We present a self-balancing function using reinforcement learning and current progress in the development of a virtual reality motion bicycle simulator. If the progress in the projects continues as expected, we will report results from studies with human users soon.
Cited by:6
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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AutoWork 2021: Workshop on the Future of Work and Well-Being with Automated Vehicles
2021
Peter Fröhlich, Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Andrew L K…
13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular A…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Peter Fröhlich, Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Andrew L Kun, Stephen Brewster, Orit Shaer, Matthias Baldauf
Publication date:09/09/2021
Journal:13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:164-166
Description:The emergence of automated driving systems will influence roles and practices in many parts of work life. Human factors and user interface design will play an important role in shaping the transition towards more productivity and well-being. The AutoWork 2021 workshop builds on its predecessor workshops by refining a research agenda and drafting concrete research studies and projects towards achieving this goal. This year’s version will especially tackle the challenge of designing both for bottom-up “worker-driven” empowerment and engagement in individual, partly automated transport, as well as for supporting affected users and stakeholders in the systemic economically-driven introduction of fully autonomous vehicles in closed intralogistics areas. In a two-session schedule tailored to fit the requirements of an online event, participants will evaluate gathered requirements from previous workshops and …
Cited by:5
Resources:[PDF] from acm.org
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To customize or not to customize-is that the question?
2021
Sidney T Scott-Sharoni, Nadia Fereydooni, Bruce N Walker, Myounghoon Jeon, Andreas Rien…
13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular A…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Sidney T Scott-Sharoni, Nadia Fereydooni, Bruce N Walker, Myounghoon Jeon, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/09/2021
Journal:13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:156-159
Description: As automated vehicles become more prevalent, designing interfaces that best fit all users, especially ones in minority populations, is a pressing but difficult goal. System-driven adaptation is a commonly used approach as it is easier and created by experts but, has innate flaws. Customization, on the other hand, allows users to consciously alter the interface to appear and operate in a manner most suited to their needs and wants. However, various components of the interface have different constraints, capabilities, and requirements with the amount of customization appropriate. In this workshop, we will dissect an expansive taxonomy for customization and develop a series of levels in order to get the full benefits from customization, which in turn can help engineers and designers in creating more user-centered systems.
Cited by:2
Resources:[PDF] from vt.edu
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Workshop on Prosocial Behavior in Future Mixed Traffic
2021
Hatice Sahin, Heiko Mueller, Shadan Sadeghian, Debargha Dey, Andreas Löcken, Andrii Mat…
13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular A…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Hatice Sahin, Heiko Mueller, Shadan Sadeghian, Debargha Dey, Andreas Löcken, Andrii Matviienko, Mark Colley, Azra Habibovic, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/09/2021
Journal:13th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:167-170
Description:“Prosocial Behavior‘‘ means cooperating and acting in a way to benefit others. Since more and more diverse road users (such as electronic bicycles, scooters, etc.) but also vehicles at different levels of automation are sharing the safety-critical road environment, acting prosocial will become increasingly important in the future for both human and automated traffic participants. A few papers so far have already begun to address this issue, but currently, there exist no systematic methodological approaches to research this area. In the proposed workshop, we plan to define more specifically what characterizes prosocial behavior in future traffic scenarios where automated and manual vehicles meet and interact with all kinds of vulnerable road users. We further want to identify important scenarios and discuss potential evaluation methods for researching prosocial behavior. Ultimately, these findings will be integrated into a …
Cited by:1
Resources:[PDF] from academia.edu
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Security issues in shared automated mobility systems: A feminist hci perspective
2021
Martina Schuß, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 5 (8), 43
:mehr lesen
Authors:Martina Schuß, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:08/07/2021
Journal:Multimodal Technologies and Interaction
Volume:5
Issue:8
Pages:43
Publisher:MDPI
Description:The spread of automated vehicles (AVs) is expected to disrupt our mobility behavior. Currently, a male bias is prevalent in the technology industry in general, and in the automotive industry in particular, mainly focusing on white men. This leads to an under-representation of groups of people with other social, physiological, and psychological characteristics. The advent of automated driving (AD) should be taken as an opportunity to mitigate this bias and consider a diverse variety of people within the development process. We conducted a qualitative, exploratory study to investigate how shared automated vehicles (SAVs) should be designed from a pluralistic perspective considering a holistic viewpoint on the whole passenger journey by including booking, pick-up, and drop-off points. Both, men and women, emphasized the importance of SAVs being flexible and clean, whereas security issues were mentioned exclusively by our female participants. While proposing different potential solutions to mitigate security matters, we discuss them through the lens of the feminist HCI framework.
Cited by:15
Resources:[HTML] from mdpi.com
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Evaluating feedback requirements for trust calibration in automated vehicles
2021
Philipp Wintersberger, Frederica Janotta, Jakob Peintner, Andreas Löcken, Andreas Riener
it-Information Technology 63 (2), 111-122
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Frederica Janotta, Jakob Peintner, Andreas Löcken, Andreas Riener
Publication date:06/25/2021
Journal:it-Information Technology
Volume:63
Issue:2
Pages:111-122
Publisher:De Gruyter Oldenbourg
Description:The inappropriate use of automation as a result of trust issues is a major barrier for a broad market penetration of automated vehicles. Studies so far have shown that providing information about the vehicle’s actions and intentions can be used to calibrate trust and promote user acceptance. However, how such feedback could be designed optimally is still an open question. This article presents the results of two user studies. In the first study, we investigated subjective trust and user experience of (N=21) participants driving in a fully automated vehicle, which interacts with other traffic participants in virtual reality. The analysis of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews shows that participants request feedback about the vehicle’s status and intentions and prefer visual feedback over other modalities. Consequently, we conducted a second study to derive concrete requirements for future feedback systems. We …
Cited by:23
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Operationalizing human-centered perspectives in explainable AI
2021
Upol Ehsan, Philipp Wintersberger, Q Vera Liao, Martina Mara, Marc Streit, Sandra Wacht…
Extended abstracts of the 2021 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems, 1-6
:mehr lesen
Authors:Upol Ehsan, Philipp Wintersberger, Q Vera Liao, Martina Mara, Marc Streit, Sandra Wachter, Andreas Riener, Mark O Riedl
Publication date:05/08/2021
Journal:Extended abstracts of the 2021 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems
Pages:1-6
Description: The realm of Artificial Intelligence (AI)’s impact on our lives is far reaching – with AI systems proliferating high-stakes domains such as healthcare, finance, mobility, law, etc., these systems must be able to explain their decision to diverse end-users comprehensibly. Yet the discourse of Explainable AI (XAI) has been predominantly focused on algorithm-centered approaches, suffering from gaps in meeting user needs and exacerbating issues of algorithmic opacity. To address these issues, researchers have called for human-centered approaches to XAI. There is a need to chart the domain and shape the discourse of XAI with reflective discussions from diverse stakeholders. The goal of this workshop is to examine how human-centered perspectives in XAI can be operationalized at the conceptual, methodological, and technical levels. Encouraging holistic (historical, sociological, and technical) approaches, we put an …
Cited by:153
Resources:[PDF] from ox.ac.uk
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Let’s share a ride into the future: a qualitative study comparing hypothetical implementation scenarios of automated vehicles
2021
Martina Schuß, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1-11
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Authors:Martina Schuß, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:05/06/2021
Journal:Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Pages:1-11
Description: Automated Vehicles (AVs) are expected to radically disrupt our mobility. Whereas much is speculated about how AVs will actually be implemented in the future, we argue that their advent should be taken as an opportunity to enhance all people’s mobility and improve their lives. Thus, it is important to focus on both the environment and the needs of target groups that have not been sufficiently considered in the past. In this paper, we present the findings from a qualitative study (N=11) of public attitude on hypothetical implementation scenarios for AVs. Our results indicate that people are aware of the benefits of shared mobility for the environment and society, and are generally open to using it. However, 1) emotional factors mitigate this openness and 2) security concerns were expressed by female participants. We recommend that identified concerns must be addressed to allow AVs fully exploiting their benefits for …
Cited by:28
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Displays for productive non-driving related tasks: Visual behavior and its impact in conditionally automated driving
2021
Clemens Schartmüller, Klemens Weigl, Andreas Löcken, Philipp Wintersberger, Marco Stein…
Multimodal technologies and interaction 5 (4), 21
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Authors:Clemens Schartmüller, Klemens Weigl, Andreas Löcken, Philipp Wintersberger, Marco Steinhauser, Andreas Riener
Publication date:04/18/2021
Journal:Multimodal technologies and interaction
Volume:5
Issue:4
Pages:21
Publisher:MDPI
Description:(1) Background: Primary driving tasks are increasingly being handled by vehicle automation so that support for non-driving related tasks (NDRTs) is becoming more and more important. In SAE L3 automation, vehicles can require the driver-passenger to take over driving controls, though. Interfaces for NDRTs must therefore guarantee safe operation and should also support productive work. (2) Method: We conducted a within-subjects driving simulator study (N=53) comparing Heads-Up Displays (HUDs) and Auditory Speech Displays (ASDs) for productive NDRT engagement. In this article, we assess the NDRT displays’ effectiveness by evaluating eye-tracking measures and setting them into relation to workload measures, self-ratings, and NDRT/take-over performance. (3) Results: Our data highlights substantially higher gaze dispersion but more extensive glances on the road center in the auditory condition than the HUD condition during automated driving. We further observed potentially safety-critical glance deviations from the road during take-overs after a HUD was used. These differences are reflected in self-ratings, workload indicators and take-over reaction times, but not in driving performance. (4) Conclusion: NDRT interfaces can influence visual attention even beyond their usage during automated driving. In particular, the HUD has resulted in safety-critical glances during manual driving after take-overs. We found this impacted workload and productivity but not driving performance.
Cited by:21
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Interactive workshops in a pandemic: the real benefits of virtual spaces
2021
Zoe M Becerra, Nadia Fereydooni, Andrew L Kun, Angus McKerral, Andreas Riener, Clemens …
IEEE Pervasive Computing 20 (1), 35-39
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Authors:Zoe M Becerra, Nadia Fereydooni, Andrew L Kun, Angus McKerral, Andreas Riener, Clemens Schartmüller, Bruce N Walker, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:03/16/2021
Journal:IEEE Pervasive Computing
Volume:20
Issue:1
Pages:35-39
Publisher:IEEE
Cited by:38
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Tell me more: Transparency and time-fillers to optimize chatbots’ waiting time experience
2020
Philipp Wintersberger, Tobias Klotz, Andreas Riener
proceedings of the 11th Nordic conference on human-computer interaction: shaping experi…
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Tobias Klotz, Andreas Riener
Publication date:10/25/2020
Journal:proceedings of the 11th Nordic conference on human-computer interaction: shaping experiences, Shaping society
Pages:1-6
Description: In customer-chatbot conversations, the agents regularly come to their limit, which requires to hand over the request to a human service representative. In the case of unmanaged handovers, customers encounter huge uncertainty while waiting and are often left alone with unsatisfied service inquiries. The waiting time (and service experience) might result in frustration and potential loss of the customer. In this paper, we discuss results from a study aimed at turning chatbot handover routines into positive experiences. In a lab study with (n=28) participants, we compared two handover types that utilized the concepts of time fillers and time and queue information with a baseline handover without such countermeasures. Our results, based on subjective waiting experience, service quality, as well as user experience and affect confirm that digital enterprises have to provide maximum transparency to customers, e.g., details …
Cited by:30
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Workshop on Designing Technologies for Future Forms of Sustainable Mobility
2020
Shadan Sadeghian Borojeni, Maximilian Schrapel, Philipp Wintersberger, Christian Koetsi…
22nd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Ser…
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Authors:Shadan Sadeghian Borojeni, Maximilian Schrapel, Philipp Wintersberger, Christian Koetsier, Andrew L Kun, Matthias Laschke, Andreas Riener, Michael Rohs, Johannes Schering
Publication date:10/05/2020
Journal:22nd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services
Pages:1-4
Description: Human transportation has a significant impact on carbon dioxide emissions. Recently several industries have focused on producing more sustainable transportation technologies. However, exploiting the emerging benefit of such technologies requires behavioral changes to integrate decisions and behaviors towards sustainable mobility in users’ everyday lives. In this workshop, we invite designers, researchers, and practitioners from the sustainable HCI, persuasive design, AutomotiveUI, and mobility communities to collaborate in finding ways to make future mobility more sustainable. Using embodied design improvisation and design fiction methods, we will explore the ways that systems affects behavior which then affect the environment..
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Integrating Trust Measurements into Experimental Designs
2020
Philipp Wintersberger, Brittany E Holthausen
22nd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Ser…
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Brittany E Holthausen
Publication date:10/05/2020
Journal:22nd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services
Pages:1-3
Description: Trust in automation is an important construct guiding humans’ interactions with automation in a great variety of application areas with different preconditions. Potential scenarios include interaction with robots, automated vehicles, health care or manufacturing systems/devices, or predictions of artificial intelligence. The proposed tutorial provides participants a theoretical background including trust definitions, models, and measurements, and discusses how direct (standardized scales, interviews, UX curves, laddering) and indirect (behavioral, physiological) measurements can be integrated into experimental designs according to defined research goals. After the tutorial, participants will be able to integrate relevant measurements for trust in their own experimental designs to systematically assess the impact of trust-related interventions.
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AutoWork 2020: Second workshop on the future of work and well-being in automated vehicles
2020
Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Andrew L Kun, Stephen Brew…
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular A…
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Authors:Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Andrew L Kun, Stephen Brewster, Orit Shaer
Publication date:09/21/2020
Journal:12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:113-116
Description: The gradual implementation of automated driving systems opens a wide range of opportunities for researchers and vehicle designers to transform vehicle interiors into a place for productivity and well-being. Former events held by the organizers have identified a research agenda to transform vehicles into a space for office work. This second edition of the workshop builds upon previous findings and focuses on initiating concrete research projects and fruitful cooperation between participants. In a two-session schedule tailored to fit the requirements of an online event, participants will define relevant user stories and elaborate experimental designs with measurable outcomes to contribute to the research roadmap.
Cited by:10
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Explainable automation: Personalized and adaptive UIs to foster trust and understanding of driving automation systems
2020
Philipp Wintersberger, Hannah Nicklas, Thomas Martlbauer, Stephan Hammer, Andreas Riener
12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular A…
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Hannah Nicklas, Thomas Martlbauer, Stephan Hammer, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/21/2020
Journal:12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:252-261
Description: Recent research indicates that transparent information on the behavior of automated vehicles positively affects trust, but how such feedback should be composed and if user trust influences the amount of desired feedback is relatively unexplored. Consequently, we conducted an interview study with (N=56) participants, who were presented different videos of an automated vehicle from the ego-perspective. Subjects rated their trust in the vehicle in these situations and could arbitrarily select objects in the driving environment that should be included in augmented reality feedback systems, so that they are able to trust the vehicle and understand its actions. The results show an inverse correlation between situational trust and participants’ desire for feedback and further reveal reasons why certain objects should be included in feedback systems. The study also highlights the need for more adaptive in-vehicle interfaces …
Cited by:60
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Situational trust scale for automated driving (STS-AD): Development and initial validation
2020
Brittany E Holthausen, Philipp Wintersberger, Bruce N Walker, Andreas Riener
12th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular a…
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Authors:Brittany E Holthausen, Philipp Wintersberger, Bruce N Walker, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/21/2020
Journal:12th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications
Pages:40-47
Description: Trust is important in determining how drivers interact with automated vehicles. Overtrust has contributed to fatal accidents; and distrust can hinder successful adoption of this technology. However, existing studies on trust are often hard to compare, given the complexity of the construct and the absence of standardized measures. Further, existing trust scales often do not consider its multi-dimensionality. Another challenge is that driving is strongly context- and situation-dependent. We present the Situational Trust Scale for Automated Driving, a short questionnaire to assess different aspects of situational trust, based on the trust model proposed by Hoff and Bashir. We evaluated the scale using an online study in the US and Germany (N=303), where participants faced different videos of an automated vehicle. Results confirm the existence of situational factors as components of trust, and support the scale being a valid …
Cited by:132
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Taming the eHMI jungle: A classification taxonomy to guide, compare, and assess the design principles of automated vehicles‘ external human-machine interfaces
2020
Debargha Dey, Azra Habibovic, Andreas Löcken, Philipp Wintersberger, Bastian Pfleging, …
Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives 7, 100174
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Authors:Debargha Dey, Azra Habibovic, Andreas Löcken, Philipp Wintersberger, Bastian Pfleging, Andreas Riener, Marieke Martens, Jacques Terken
Publication date:09/01/2020
Journal:Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives
Volume:7
Pages:100174
Publisher:Elsevier
Description:There is a growing body of research in the field of interaction between automated vehicles and other road users in their vicinity. To facilitate such interactions, researchers and designers have explored designs, and this line of work has yielded several concepts of external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMI) for vehicles. Literature and media review reveals that the description of interfaces is often lacking in fidelity or details of their functionalities in specific situations, which makes it challenging to understand the originating concepts. There is also a lack of a universal understanding of the various dimensions of a communication interface, which has impeded a consistent and coherent addressal of the different aspects of the functionalities of such interface concepts. In this paper, we present a unified taxonomy that allows a systematic comparison of the eHMI across 18 dimensions, covering their physical characteristics …
Cited by:318
Resources:[HTML] from sciencedirect.com
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Should I stay or should I go? Automated vehicles in the age of climate change
2020
Shadan Sadeghian Borojeni, Alexander Meschtscherjakov, Bastian Pfleging, Birsen Donmez,…
Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1-8
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Authors:Shadan Sadeghian Borojeni, Alexander Meschtscherjakov, Bastian Pfleging, Birsen Donmez, Andreas Riener, Christian P Janssen, Andrew L Kun, Wendy Ju, Christian Remy, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:04/25/2020
Journal:Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Pages:1-8
Description:Will automated driving help or hurt our efforts to remedy climate change? The overall impact of transportation and mobility on the global ecosystem is clear: changes to that system can greatly affect climate outcomes. The design of mobility and automotive systems will influence key factors such as driving style, fuel choice, ride sharing, traffic patterns, and total mileage. However, to date, there are few research efforts that explicitly focus on these overlapping themes (automated driving & climate changes) within the HCI and AutomotiveUI communities. Our intention is to grow this community and awareness of the related problems. Specifically, in this workshop, we invite designers, researchers, and practitioners from the sustainable HCI, persuasive design, AutomotiveUI, and mobility communities to collaborate in finding ways to make future mobility more sustainable. Using embodied design improvisation and design …
Cited by:12
Resources:[PDF] from tue.nl
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Augmentation concepts with HUDs for cyclists to improve road safety in shared spaces
2020
Tamara Von Sawitzky, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Löcken, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andr…
Extended abstracts of the 2020 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems, 1-9
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Authors:Tamara Von Sawitzky, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Löcken, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
Publication date:04/25/2020
Journal:Extended abstracts of the 2020 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems
Pages:1-9
Description:Exploiting the potential of automated vehicles and future traffic concepts like platooning or dynamic intersections requires the integration of human traffic participants. Recent research investigating how automated vehicles can communicate with other road users has focused mainly on pedestrians. We argue that cyclists are another important group of vulnerable road users that must be considered, as cycling is a vital transportation modality for a more sustainable future. Within this paper, we discuss the needs of cyclists and claim that their integration will demand to think of other concepts, which support moving communication partners. We further sketch potential approaches for augmented reality applications based on related work and present results of a pilot study aiming to evaluate and improve those. Initial findings show that people are open towards concepts that increase cyclist safety. However, it is key to …
Cited by:64
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Feasibility of smart wearables for driver drowsiness detection and its potential among different age groups
2020
Thomas Kundinger, Phani Krishna Yalavarthi, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger, Clem…
International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications 16 (1), 1-23
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Authors:Thomas Kundinger, Phani Krishna Yalavarthi, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger, Clemens Schartmüller
Publication date:01/02/2020
Journal:International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications
Volume:16
Issue:1
Pages:1-23
Publisher:Emerald Publishing Limited
Cited by:34
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Where we come from and where we are going: A systematic review of human factors research in driving automation
2020
Anna-Katharina Frison, Yannick Forster, Philipp Wintersberger, Viktoria Geisel, Andreas…
Applied Sciences 10 (24), 8914
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Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Yannick Forster, Philipp Wintersberger, Viktoria Geisel, Andreas Riener
Publication date:01/01/2020
Journal:Applied Sciences
Volume:10
Issue:24
Pages:8914
Publisher:Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Description:During the last decade, research has brought forth a large amount of studies that investigated driving automation from a human factor perspective. Due to the multitude of possibilities for the study design with regard to the investigated constructs, data collection methods, and evaluated parameters, at present, the pool of findings is heterogeneous and nontransparent. This literature review applied a structured approach, where five reviewers investigated n= 161 scientific papers of relevant journals and conferences focusing on driving automation between 2010 and 2018. The aim was to present an overview of the status quo of existing methodological approaches and investigated constructs to help scientists in conducting research with established methods and advanced study setups. Results show that most studies focused on safety aspects, followed by trust and acceptance, which were mainly collected through self-report measures. Driving/Take-Over performance also marked a significant portion of the published papers; however, a wide range of different parameters were investigated by researchers. Based on our insights, we propose a set of recommendations for future studies. Amongst others, this includes validation of existing results on real roads, studying long-term effects on trust and acceptance (and of course other constructs), or triangulation of self-reported and behavioral data. We furthermore emphasize the need to establish a standardized set of parameters for recurring use cases to increase comparability. To assure a holistic contemplation of automated driving, we moreover encourage researchers to investigate other constructs that …
Cited by:37
Resources:[HTML] from mdpi.com
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Mensch oder Maschine? Direktvergleich von automatisiert und manuell gesteuertem
2019
Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Isabella Thang
Autonome Shuttlebusse im ÖPNV: Analysen und Bewertungen zum Fallbeispiel Bad Birnbach a…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Isabella Thang
Publication date:11/26/2019
Journal:Autonome Shuttlebusse im ÖPNV: Analysen und Bewertungen zum Fallbeispiel Bad Birnbach aus technischer, gesellschaftlicher und planerischer Sicht
Pages:95
Publisher:Springer-Verlag
Description:Da erst wenige automatisierte Fahrzeuge auf öffentlichen Straßen in Betrieb sind, ist aktuell noch unklar, ob potenzielle Nutzer diese akzeptieren und ihnen vertrauen. Um diesen Fragen nachzugehen, wurde eine Feldstudie mit 24 (jeweils zwölf älteren und jüngeren) Teilnehmern durchgeführt, wobei ein automatisiertes Fahrzeug direkt mit einem von menschlicher Hand gesteuerten Gruppentaxi verglichen wurde. Benutzerakzeptanz und-erlebnis, Vertrauen sowie subjektives Zeitempfinden wurden sowohl vor als auch nach der Fahrt mit dem jeweiligen Transportmittel mit standardisierten Messverfahren und Interviews erfasst. Die Resultate zeigen, dass automatisierte Fahrzeuge in ähnlichem Aus-maß akzeptiert werden wie auch menschliche Fahrer, jedoch gerade jüngere Probanden aufgrund der geringeren Geschwindigkeit der neuen Technologie gegenüber noch skep-tisch eingestellt sind. Für diese Zielgruppe wirkte sich jedoch eine Fahrt mit dem auto-matisierten Fahrzeug positiv auf das Vertrauen aus. Eine Berücksichtigung der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse ist für eine weitere Implementierung der Technologie zu empfehlen.
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Evaluierung von Benutzeranforderungen
2019
Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Löcken, Anna-Katharina Frison
Autonome Shuttlebusse im ÖPNV: Analysen und Bewertungen zum Fallbeispiel Bad Birnbach a…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Löcken, Anna-Katharina Frison
Publication date:11/26/2019
Journal:Autonome Shuttlebusse im ÖPNV: Analysen und Bewertungen zum Fallbeispiel Bad Birnbach aus technischer, gesellschaftlicher und planerischer Sicht
Pages:115
Publisher:Springer-Verlag
Description:Spätestens seit erste automatisierte Fahrzeuge im Realverkehr getestet werden, tritt eine neue Frage immer mehr in den Vordergrund: Wie können diese mit anderen Verkehrsteilnehmern kommunizieren, wenn kein Insasse mehr als Fahrer permanent am Geschehen teilnimmt (Mahadevan et al. 2018; Mirnig et al. 2018)? Menschliche Verkehrsteilnehmer nutzen üblicherweise formlose Kommunikation, um Konflikte, z. B. Entscheidung über Vorrang in nicht-geregelten Situationen, zu vermeiden beziehungsweise aufzulösen. Dies umfasst nicht nur explizite Kommunikation (etwa Blinken, Hupen oder das Suchen von Augenkontakt), sondern auch Fahrverhalten oder Bewegungsmuster (Färber 2015). Welche Verhaltensmuster hierbei ausschlaggebend sind, ist nicht direkt geregelt, trotzdem schaffen es Menschen üblicherweise, die Signale anderer korrekt zu interpretieren und dabei Konfliktsituationen, meist unbewusst, zu lösen. Um diese Art der Kommunikation in automatisierten Fahrzeugen zu ersetzen, wurden sowohl von Fahrzeugherstellern als auch Forschern bereits verschiedenste Lösungen vorgeschlagen, wie etwa in den Außenraum gerichtete Bildschirme, die situationsabhängige Projektion von Fußgängerüberwegen, Visualisierungen mit Licht-und Tonsignalen bis hin zu geräteübergreifenden Systemen mit Smartphones, Smartwatches oder anderen „Wearable Devices “(Dey et al. 2018; Mahadevan et al. 2018; Mirnig et al. 2018). Dabei ist jedoch anzumerken, dass es nicht reichen wird,„nur “technisch ausgefeilte Konzepte zu präsentieren. Um die Verkehrssicherheit beim Mischbetrieb mit automatisierten Fahrzeugen zu erhalten …
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First workshop on attentive and pervasive UI in automated vehicles
2019
Philipp Wintersberger, Remo van der Heiden, Shadan Sadeghian Borojeni, Michael A Gerber…
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Remo van der Heiden, Shadan Sadeghian Borojeni, Michael A Gerber, Paul Green
Publication date:09/21/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications: Adjunct Proceedings
Pages:63-70
Description:In automated vehicles, drivers will shift their attention between side activities and tasks relevant for vehicle control. As random interruptions lead to performance degradation and are a source of stress/anxiety, use of pervasive attentive user interfaces could mitigate such effects while maintaining comfort and safety. However, in order to develop such interfaces, a more holistic approach to design is needed. This workshop brings researchers and practitioners together to develop a structured research agenda to determine how attentive user interfaces can support the safe engagement in side activities in automated vehicles. After an open discussion will identify the main research questions, groups will model/prototype interactions using a configurable driving simulator provided by the organizers. Results will be published at the workshop website and should lead to scientific publications and collaborations.
Cited by:3
Resources:[PDF] from google.com
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Third workshop on trust in automation: how does trust influence interaction
2019
Brittany E Holthausen, Philipp Wintersberger, Zoe Becerra, Alexander G Mirnig, Alexande…
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Brittany E Holthausen, Philipp Wintersberger, Zoe Becerra, Alexander G Mirnig, Alexander Kunze, Bruce N Walker
Publication date:09/21/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications: Adjunct Proceedings
Pages:13-18
Description:Properly calibrated trust in automation is a key issue for a successful implementation of automated vehicle technology. Recent research and investigation of accidents involving automated driving systems have shown that drivers have difficulties adjusting their trust levels appropriately with system performance criteria, which is a key requirement for trust calibration [7]. Whereas previous editions of this workshop have concentrated on suitable definitions, measurements, and factors influencing trust, this year's edition shifts the focus to the question: How does trust interact with and influence other latent constructs, such as risk behavior, situation awareness, or users' willingness to engage in non-driving related tasks? The workshop thereby welcomes both experts and young researchers who (already are or want to) conduct research in this timely area, with the aim of developing concrete research programs and …
Cited by:4
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The real T (h) OR: Evaluation of emergency take-over on a test track
2019
Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Clemens Schartmüller, Andreas Riener
Proceedings of the 11th international conference on automotive user interfaces and inte…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Clemens Schartmüller, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/21/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 11th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications: Adjunct proceedings
Pages:478-482
Description:Take-Over Requests are one of the most prominent topics in automated driving research and have recently been addressed by numerous publications. However, most results were solely obtained in simulated driving environments. Thus, it is important to investigate whether or not these results can be validated in user studies with real vehicles. We conducted an experiment on a test track, where a conditionally automated vehicle was simulated using a driving robot. Participants engaged in Non-Driving Related Tasks were interrupted by Take-Over Requests and had to avoid hitting a real obstacle. This video gives a first insight into our setting, which allows evaluation of imminent handover situations on a test track.
Cited by:16
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The first co-drive experience prototype
2019
Laura Boffi, Philipp Wintersberger, Paola Cesaretti, Giuseppe Mincolelli, Andreas Riener
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
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Authors:Laura Boffi, Philipp Wintersberger, Paola Cesaretti, Giuseppe Mincolelli, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/21/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications: Adjunct Proceedings
Pages:254-259
Description:In this paper, we report on a first experience prototype for the Co-Drive concept, which is a new service for traveling and socializing by car between a driver on an automated vehicle and a remote passenger connected via virtual reality from home. Pushing beyond driving and safety functionalities, Co-Drive envisions a new way of sharing the trip, which could be enabled by future technologies, providing a social context for automated cars actions and teleoperated driving. We also reflect on the concept of Driver-Car assemblage as a human and material object conjunction, and we suggest that Co-Drive enables a new kind of assemblage among the Driver-Remote Passenger-Automated Car.
Cited by:5
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ATHENA: supporting UX of conditionally automated driving with natural language reliability displays
2019
Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Amelie Oberhofer, Andreas Riener
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Amelie Oberhofer, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/21/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications: Adjunct Proceedings
Pages:187-193
Description:Research on conditionally automated (SAE L3) vehicles usually addresses safety issues in the context of Take-Over Requests. However, little knowledge is available on how the mere possibility of upcoming control transfers affects drivers' user experience. To learn more about this problem, we conducted a focus group discussion. Results suggest that the psychological needs of security, autonomy, competence, and stimulation are not properly satisfied in SAE L3 driving. To counteract, we developed a natural language reliability display (called "ATHENA"), aiming at satisfying these needs in different driving situations. First results from a driving simulator study (N=18) indicate that ATHENA, although not making drivers feel more autonomous, positively influenced their subjective feeling of safety while reducing negative affect. We conclude this work by pointing out the potential of natural language reliability displays for …
Cited by:15
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Where we come from and where we are going: a review of automated driving studies
2019
Yannick Forster, Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Viktoria Geisel, Sebasti…
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Yannick Forster, Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Viktoria Geisel, Sebastian Hergeth, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/21/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications: Adjunct Proceedings
Pages:140-145
Description:During the last decade, research has conducted a large amount of studies that investigated driving automation from the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) perspective. Due to the many possibilities for study design concerning investigated constructs, data collection and parameters, at present, the pool of findings is heterogeneous and nontransparent. This literature review applies a structured approach in reviewing scientific papers that investigated driving automation and allows a statement on the status quo of existing methodological approaches. Most studies focused on safety followed by trust and acceptance. Driving/Take-Over Request (TOR) performance also marked a significant portion, however many different parameters are investigated. First results identify gaps to be addressed in future studies and allow researchers to investigate known constructs with established methods.
Cited by:14
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Text comprehension: Heads-up vs. auditory displays: Implications for a productive work environment in sae level 3 automated vehicles
2019
Clemens Schartmüller, Klemens Weigl, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Marco Stein…
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Clemens Schartmüller, Klemens Weigl, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Marco Steinhauser
Publication date:09/21/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:342-354
Description:With increasing automation, vehicles could soon become "mobile offices" but traditional user interfaces (UIs) for office work are not optimized for this domain. We hypothesize that productive work will only be feasible in SAE level 3 automated vehicles if UIs are adapted to (A) the operational design domain, and (B) driver-workers' capabilities. Consequently, we studied adapted interfaces for a typical office task (text-comprehension) by varying display modality (heads-up reading vs. auditory listening), as well as UI behavior in conjunction with take-over situations (attention-awareness vs. no attention-awareness). Self-ratings, physiological indicators, and objective performance measures in a driving simulator study (N = 32) allowed to derive implications for a mobile workspace automated vehicle. Results highlight that heads-up displays promote sequential multi-tasking and thereby reduce workload and improve …
Cited by:35
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Teleoperation: The holy grail to solve problems of automated driving? Sure, but latency matters
2019
Stefan Neumeier, Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Armin Becher, Christian …
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
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Authors:Stefan Neumeier, Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Armin Becher, Christian Facchi, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/21/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:186-197
Cited by:118
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Overtrust in external cues of automated vehicles: an experimental investigation
2019
Kai Holländer, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Butz
Proceedings of the 11th international conference on automotive user interfaces and inte…
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Authors:Kai Holländer, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Butz
Publication date:09/21/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 11th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications
Pages:211-221
Description:The intentions of an automated vehicle are hard to spot in the absence of eye contact with a driver or other established means of communication. External car displays have been proposed as a solution, but what if they malfunction or display misleading information? How will this influence pedestrians' trust in the vehicle? To investigate these questions, we conducted a between-subjects study in Virtual Reality (N = 18) in which one group was exposed to erroneous displays. Our results show that participants already started with a very high degree of trust. Incorrectly communicated information led to a strong decline in trust and perceived safety, but both recovered very quickly. This was also reflected in participants' road crossing behavior. We found that malfunctions of an external car display motivate users to ignore it and thereby aggravate the effects of overtrust. Therefore, we argue that the design of external …
Cited by:152
Resources:[PDF] from uni-muenchen.de
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Augmented reality windshield displays and their potential to enhance user experience in automated driving
2019
Andreas Riegler, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Holzmann
i-com 18 (2), 127-149
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Authors:Andreas Riegler, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Holzmann
Publication date:08/27/2019
Journal:i-com
Volume:18
Issue:2
Pages:127-149
Publisher:De Gruyter Oldenbourg
Description:Increasing vehicle automation presents challenges as drivers of highly automated vehicles become more disengaged from the primary driving task. However, even with fully automated driving, there will still be activities that require interfaces for vehicle-passenger interactions. Windshield displays are a technology with a promising potential for automated driving, as they are able to provide large content areas supporting drivers in non-driving related activities. However, it is still unknown how potential drivers or passengers would use these displays. This work addresses user preferences for windshield displays in automated driving. Participants of a user study () were presented two levels of automation (conditional and full), and could freely choose preferred positions, content types, as well as size, transparency levels and importance levels of content windows using a simulated “ideal” windshield display …
Cited by:29
Resources:[HTML] from degruyter.com
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Resurrecting the ghost in the shell: A need-centered development approach for optimizing user experience in highly automated vehicles
2019
Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour 65, 439-456
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Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:08/01/2019
Journal:Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour
Volume:65
Pages:439-456
Publisher:Pergamon
Description:With increasing driving automation, the cooperation between the driver-passenger and the system is fundamentally changing as the driving task is transferred from human drivers to computer systems. At lower levels of automation (SAE L0-2), user experience (UX) is mainly affected by the primary task of vehicle control. However, at higher levels (SAE L3-5) it is dependent on appropriate vehicle behavior as well as non-driving related tasks. Thus, the active role of the driver changes gradually to a passive one and this needs to be addressed earlier on in the design phase of user interfaces for automated driving systems. In this work, we present a need-centered development approach and the involved "AD UX framework", which we applied in two studies to create a positive user experience in highly/fully automated driving (AD). In the first study, to derive insights for concept development, we analyze the fulfillment of …
Cited by:38
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Attentive user interfaces to improve multitasking and take-over performance in automated driving: the auto-net of things
2019
Philipp Wintersberger, Clemens Schartmüller, Andreas Riener
International Journal of Mobile Human Computer Interaction (IJMHCI) 11 (3), 40-58
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Clemens Schartmüller, Andreas Riener
Publication date:07/01/2019
Journal:International Journal of Mobile Human Computer Interaction (IJMHCI)
Volume:11
Issue:3
Pages:40-58
Publisher:IGI Global
Description:Automated vehicles promise engagement in side activities, but demand drivers to resume vehicle control in Take-Over situations. This pattern of alternating tasks thus becomes an issue of sequential multitasking, and it is evident that random interruptions result in a performance drop and are further a source of stress/anxiety. To counteract such drawbacks, this article presents an attention-aware architecture for the integration of consumer devices in level-3/4 vehicles and traffic systems. The proposed solution can increase the lead time for transitions, which is useful to determine suitable timings (eg, between tasks/subtasks) for interruptions in vehicles. Further, it allows responding to Take-Over-Requests directly on handheld devices in emergencies. Different aspects of the Attentive User Interface (AUI) concept were evaluated in two driving simulator studies. Results, mainly based on Take-Over performance and …
Cited by:43
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Increasing trust in fully automated driving: Route indication on an augmented reality head-up display
2019
Tamara Von Sawitzky, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Joseph L Gabbard
Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays, 1-7
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Authors:Tamara Von Sawitzky, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Joseph L Gabbard
Publication date:06/12/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays
Pages:1-7
Cited by:85
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Investigating user requirements for communication between automated vehicles and vulnerable road users
2019
Andreas Löcken, Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
, 879-884
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Authors:Andreas Löcken, Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
Publication date:06/09/2019
Pages:879-884
Publisher:IEEE
Description:As automated vehicles increase on public roads, research on communication with vulnerable road users (VRUs) becomes increasingly important. Recently, numerous solutions to tackle this problem have been presented. However, it is not clear whether such concepts fit the needs and requirements of future users. The aim of this work is to identify the requirements and expectations of users after real-life exposure with an automated vehicle. We conducted a field study (N=32) in a small town where an automated vehicle is in regular operation and collected both subjective (surveys, semi-structured interviews) and objective (video analysis) data. Results suggest that VRUs prefer rather simple forms of communication derived from well-established concepts like traffic signs, horns or indicators. Furthermore, we could identify important scenarios that have yet not been addressed, and our findings are in particular useful …
Cited by:45
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Type-o-Steer: reimagining the steering wheel for productive non-driving related tasks in conditionally automated vehicles
2019
Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
, 1699-1706
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Authors:Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
Publication date:06/09/2019
Pages:1699-1706
Publisher:IEEE
Description:Drivers' ability to engage in non-driving related tasks (NDRTs) is a promise of automated driving and office work an important use-case therein. We claim that potentially negative effects on road safety need to be compensated by adaptive in-vehicle interfaces that support NDRTs by design. In this paper, we present the conception and evaluation of a novel dual-task interface that is based on findings from both automotive research and office ergonomics. The steering wheel prototype aims at enabling productivity while retaining or even improving safety in Take-Over situations. In a driving simulator study with N=22 participants, we tested the prototype in two variations, haptic vs. touchscreen keyboard design, against the baseline “notebook on the lap”. Results show significant improvements regarding gaze reaction, typing performance, and subjective ratings of the haptic as compared to the touch keyboard. Most …
Cited by:26
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In UX we trust: Investigation of aesthetics and usability of driver-vehicle interfaces and their impact on the perception of automated driving
2019
Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Schartmüller, Lin…
Proceedings of the 2019 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems, 1-13
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Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Schartmüller, Linda Ng Boyle, Erika Miller, Klemens Weigl
Publication date:05/02/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 2019 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems
Pages:1-13
Description:In the evolution of technical systems, freedom from error and early adoption plays a major role for market success and to maintain competitiveness. In the case of automated driving, we see that faulty systems are put into operation and users trust these systems, often without any restrictions. Trust and use are often associated with users' experience of the driver-vehicle interfaces and interior design. In this work, we present the results of our investigations on factors that influence the perception of automated driving. In a simulator study, N=48 participants had to drive a SAE level 2 vehicle with either perfect or faulty driving function. As a secondary activity, participants had to solve tasks on an infotainment system with varying aesthetics and usability (2x2). Results reveal that the interaction of conditions significantly influences trust and UX of the vehicle system. Our conclusion is that all aspects of vehicle design cumulate …
Cited by:127
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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(Over) Trust in automated driving: The sleeping pill of tomorrow?
2019
Thomas Kundinger, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Extended abstracts of the 2019 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems, 1-6
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Authors:Thomas Kundinger, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:05/02/2019
Journal:Extended abstracts of the 2019 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems
Pages:1-6
Description:Both overtrust in technology and drowsy driving are safety-critical issues. Monitoring a system is a tedious task and overtrust in technology might also influence drivers' vigilance, what in turn could multiply the negative impact of both issues. The aim of this study was to investigate if trust in automation affects drowsiness. 30 participants in two age groups conducted a 45-minute ride in a level-2 vehicle on a real test track. Trust was assessed before and after the ride with a subjective trust scale. Drowsiness was captured during the experiment using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Results depict, that even a short initial system exposure significantly increases trust in automated driving. Drivers who trust the automated vehicles more show larger signs of drowsiness what may negatively impact the monitoring behavior. Drowsiness detection is important for automated vehicles, and the behavior of drowsy drivers might …
Cited by:52
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Why do you like to drive automated? a context-dependent analysis of highly automated driving to elaborate requirements for intelligent user interfaces
2019
Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Tianjia Liu, Andreas Riener
Proceedings of the 24th international conference on intelligent user interfaces, 528-537
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Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Tianjia Liu, Andreas Riener
Publication date:03/17/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 24th international conference on intelligent user interfaces
Pages:528-537
Description:Technology acceptance is a critical factor influencing the adoption of automated vehicles. Consequently, manufacturers feel obliged to design automated driving systems in a way to account for negative effects of automation on user experience. Recent publications confirm that full automation will potentially lack in the satisfaction of important user needs. To counteract, the adoption of Intelligent User Interfaces (IUIs) could play an important role. In this work, we focus on the evaluation of the impact of scenario type (represented by variations of road type and traffic volume) on the fulfillment of psychological needs. Results of a qualitative study (N=30) show that the scenario has a high impact on how users perceive the automation. Based on this, we discuss the potential of adaptive IUIs in the context of automated driving. In detail, we look at the aspects trust, acceptance, and user experience and its impact on IUIs in …
Cited by:88
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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S (C) ENTINEL: monitoring automated vehicles with olfactory reliability displays
2019
Philipp Wintersberger, Dmitrijs Dmitrenko, Clemens Schartmüller, Anna-Katharina Frison,…
Proceedings of the 24th international conference on intelligent user interfaces, 538-546
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Dmitrijs Dmitrenko, Clemens Schartmüller, Anna-Katharina Frison, Emanuela Maggioni, Marianna Obrist, Andreas Riener
Publication date:03/17/2019
Journal:Proceedings of the 24th international conference on intelligent user interfaces
Pages:538-546
Description:Overreliance in technology is safety-critical and it is assumed that this could have been a main cause of severe accidents with automated vehicles. To ease the complex task of permanently monitoring vehicle behavior in the driving environment, researchers have proposed to implement reliability/uncertainty displays. Such displays allow to estimate whether or not an upcoming intervention is likely. However, presenting uncertainty just adds more visual workload on drivers, who might also be engaged in secondary tasks. We suggest to use olfactory displays as a potential solution to communicate system uncertainty and conducted a user study (N=25) in a high-fidelity driving simulator. Results of the experiment (conditions: no reliability display, purely visual reliability display, and visual-olfactory reliability display) comping both objective (task performance) and subjective (technology acceptance model, trust scales …
Cited by:50
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Steer-by-wifi: Lateral vehicle control for take-overs with nomadic devices
2018
Clemens Schartmüller, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger
Adjunct proceedings of the 10th international conference on automotive user interfaces …
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Authors:Clemens Schartmüller, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:09/23/2018
Journal:Adjunct proceedings of the 10th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications
Pages:121-126
Description:Automated vehicles could omit traditional steering controls to provide larger spaces for driver-passengers or prevent unnecessary interventions. However, manual control could still be necessary to provide manual driving fun or respond to Take-Over requests (TORs). This paper investigates, whether brought-in consumer devices (in this case a 10.2 inch tablet) can act as input alternative to classical steering wheels in TOR situations. Results of a driving simulator study (n=14) confirm that responding to Take-Overs with nomadic devices can reduce response times in imminent transitions during engagement in Non-Driving Related Tasks (NDRTs), as a change of the 'device in hands' is omitted. Further on, subjective scales addressing user experience show that the approach is well accepted. We conclude that nomadic device integration is a crucial pre-requisite for the success of automated vehicles, but for steering …
Cited by:18
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Man vs. Machine: A Documentary about automated driving in 2018 somewhere in Bavaria
2018
Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger, Clemens Schartmüller
Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
:mehr lesen
Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger, Clemens Schartmüller
Publication date:09/23/2018
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:256-258
Description:The shift from manual to automated driving has been one of the most focused research topics in the AutomotiveUI community in recent years. User acceptance and experience was extensively discussed in surveys and simulator studies, however, naturalistic driving studies are still rare. Now, in 2018, we had the chance to test the first authorized automated vehicle (shuttle bus service) in Germany driving in regular traffic. Our video aims to be suggestive of our study setup, in which we compared users' acceptance and experience as a passenger in an automated driving versus a manual driven vehicle. In this video paper, we provide first insights into our results.
Cited by:2
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Workshop on communication between automated vehicles and vulnerable road users
2018
Alexander G Mirnig, Philipp Wintersberger, Alexander Meschtscherjakov, Andreas Riener, …
Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
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Authors:Alexander G Mirnig, Philipp Wintersberger, Alexander Meschtscherjakov, Andreas Riener, Susanne Boll
Publication date:09/23/2018
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:65-71
Description:The aim of this half-day workshop is to explore the topic of interaction between automated vehicles and vulnerable road users (VRUs), such as pedestrians or cyclists, in an interactive setting. The workshop is hands-on with no submission of position papers or slots for participant presentations. It aims at deriving knowledge about communication needs across various traffic scenarios resulting in metrics and methodologies for evaluating communication needs by having the participants go through a brief design and evaluation process in a two-step setting. The workshop results will be collected and preserved on a website hosted by the organisers post-workshop.
Cited by:8
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Man vs. machine: comparing a fully automated bus shuttle with a manually driven group taxi in a field study
2018
Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/23/2018
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:215-220
Description:Automated driving functions are traditionally tested in on-road studies, however, mainly focusing on technological aspects (sensor accuracy, etc.). Field studies addressing users' individual needs and expectations are still rare. As a consequence, it is still unclear whether or not automated driving systems will reach a comprehensive market penetration. To address this issue, we set-up a user study and compared users' acceptance (utilizing TAM) as a passenger (N=12) of a traditional group taxi vs. an automated bus shuttle both driving in regular traffic. Results show that participants questioned the usefulness of the automated bus shuttle, mainly due to the reduced speed, but, on the other hand, rated their perceived ease of use and their attitude towards using the ADS more positive than expected. Thus, we conclude that with further development of the technology and by including a user-centered design approach …
Cited by:41
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Second workshop on trust in the age of automated driving
2018
Philipp Wintersberger, Brittany E Noah, Johannes Kraus, Roderick McCall, Alexander G Mi…
Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces …
:mehr lesen
Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Brittany E Noah, Johannes Kraus, Roderick McCall, Alexander G Mirnig, Alexander Kunze, Shailie Thakkar, Bruce N Walker
Publication date:09/23/2018
Journal:Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:56-64
Description:This workshop addresses key trust-related issues in the context of automated driving and aims at establishing a common ground for future research. Building on the outcome of the previous workshop at AutoUI 2017, three main aspects are targeted within interactive sessions: (1) Formulation of a comprehensive set of definitions for trust in automated systems; (2) Development of interface approaches for mitigating overtrust and undertrust issues; (3) Identification of an appropriate timing of trust-related cues. Thereby, the current research efforts of both workshop organizers and participants are used as a starting point for several breakout sessions, each addressing one of the three main workshop goals. The outcome of this workshop will provide a benchmark for future work in the field and is also intended to inspire joint publications among the participants.
Cited by:9
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Let me finish before I take over: Towards attention aware device integration in highly automated vehicles
2018
Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Schartmüller, Anna-Katharina Frison, Kle…
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on automotive user interfaces and inte…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Schartmüller, Anna-Katharina Frison, Klemens Weigl
Publication date:09/23/2018
Journal:Proceedings of the 10th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications
Pages:53-65
Description:A major promise of automated vehicles is to render it possible for drivers to engage in nondriving related tasks, a setting where the execution pattern will switch from concurrent to sequential multitasking. To allow drivers to safely and efficiently switch between multiple activities (including vehicle control in case of Take-Over situations), we postulate that future vehicles should incorporate capabilities of attentive user interfaces, that precisely plan the timing of interruptions based on driver availability. We propose an attention aware system that issues Take-Over Requests (1) at emerging task boundaries and (2) directly on consumer devices such as smartphones or tablets. Results of a driving simulator study (N=18), where we evaluated objective, physiological, and subjective measurements, confirm our assumption: attention aware Take-Over Requests have the potential to reduce stress, increase Take-Over …
Cited by:96
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Who is generation A? Investigating the experience of automated driving for different age groups
2018
Anna-Katharina Frison, Laura Aigner, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inte…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Laura Aigner, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/23/2018
Journal:Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:94-104
Description:The prevalence of Automated Driving Systems (ADS) is expected to open up many possibilities for different user groups with individual needs and challenges. Former secondary/tertiary tasks can become primary tasks, and driving with all its interactions and responsibilities steps back or disappears at all. At higher levels of AD it is expected that the elderly could maintain or regain individual mobility, thus, play a major role for future markets. To understand individual mindsets concerning technology acceptance and user needs we conducted an explorative interview study (N=27). In a simulated automated driving environment, driving experience over time was compared across three age groups (elderly people >65, younger adults <30, younger adults <30 with age simulation suite), utilizing the STAM model for content analysis. Results of the age-comparison indicate no major differences in the general technology …
Cited by:37
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Workaholistic: on balancing typing-and handover-performance in automated driving
2018
Clemens Schartmüller, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison
Proceedings of the 20th international conference on human-computer interaction with mob…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Clemens Schartmüller, Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison
Publication date:09/03/2018
Journal:Proceedings of the 20th international conference on human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Pages:1-12
Description:Automated driving eliminates the permanent need for vehicle control and allows to engage in non-driving related tasks. As literature identifies office work as one potential activity, we estimate that advanced input devices will shortly appear in automated vehicles. To address this matter, we mounted a keyboard on the steering wheel, aiming to provide an exemplary safe and productive working environment. In a driving simulator study (n=20), we evaluated two feedback mechanisms (heads-up augmentation on a windshield, conventional heads-down display) and assessed both typing effort and driving performance in handover situations. Results indicate that the windshield alternative positively influences handovers, while heads-down feedback results in better typing performance. Text difficulty (two levels) showed no significant impact on handover time. We conclude that for a widespread acceptance of specialized …
Cited by:53
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Investigating user preferences for windshield displays in automated vehicles
2018
Andreas Riegler, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Holzmann
Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays, 1-7
:mehr lesen
Authors:Andreas Riegler, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Holzmann
Publication date:06/06/2018
Journal:Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays
Pages:1-7
Description:Windshield displays are a promising technology for automotive applications. They easily allow to augment the capabilities of drivers or display content relevant for non-driving related activities. However, little information is available on how potential users would utilize these displays. In this paper we present the results of a user study (N=31) addressing user preferences for windshield displays in automated driving. Our goal was to find out how potential users would like applications to appear in terms of size, position, and content type. Participants could freely choose preferred position and size of multiple windows on an artificial "ideal" windshield display. We further distinguished between two levels of automation (conditional and full). Initial results of our experiment (presented in form of heatmaps) indicate differences considering the level of vehicle automation and reveal the most important areas for various content …
Cited by:39
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Fostering user acceptance and trust in fully automated vehicles: Evaluating the potential of augmented reality
2018
Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener, Tamara von Sawitzky
PRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality 27 (1), 46-62
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener, Tamara von Sawitzky
Publication date:02/01/2018
Journal:PRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality
Volume:27
Issue:1
Pages:46-62
Publisher:MIT Press
Description:Lack of trust in or acceptance of technology are some of the fundamental problems that might prevent the dissemination of automated driving. Technological advances, such as augmented reality aids like full-sized windshield displays or AR contact lenses, could be of help to provide a better system understanding to the user. In this work, we picked up on the question of whether augmented reality assistance has the potential to increase user acceptance and trust by communicating system decisions (i.e., transparent system behavior). To prove our hypothesis, we conducted two driving simulator studies to investigate the benefit of scenario augmentation in fully automated driving—first in normal () and then in rearward viewing () direction. Quantitative results indicate that the augmentation of traffic objects/participants otherwise invisible (e.g., due to dense fog), or the presentation of upcoming driving …
Cited by:139
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First workshop on trust in the age of automated driving
2017
Brittany E Noah, Philipp Wintersberger, Alexander G Mirnig, Shailie Thakkar, Fei Yan, T…
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on automotive user interfaces and inter…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Brittany E Noah, Philipp Wintersberger, Alexander G Mirnig, Shailie Thakkar, Fei Yan, Thomas M Gable, Johannes Kraus, Roderick McCall
Publication date:09/24/2017
Journal:Proceedings of the 9th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications adjunct
Pages:15-21
Description:This workshop intends to address contemporary issues surrounding trust in technology in the challenging and constantly changing context of automated vehicles. In particular, this workshop focuses on two main aspects: (1) appropriate definitions of trust and associated concepts for the automated driving context, especially regarding trust calibration in individual capabilities versus overall trust; (2) appropriate measures (qualitative and quantitative) to quantify trust in automated vehicles and in-vehicle interfaces. The workshop proceeds on the basis of a keynote and accepted position papers by participants as a basis for the focused breakout sessions. The outcome of the workshop will become the basis for a subsequent joint publication of organizers and participants discussing the issues (1) and (2).
Cited by:26
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Driving hotzenplotz! A vehicle interface that fosters the joy of driving
2017
Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Schartmüller
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inter…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Schartmüller
Publication date:09/24/2017
Journal:Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Adjunct
Pages:247-248
Description:Vehicle automation is expected to change users' driving experience dramatically. Interactions with the car, like accelerating, braking, and overtaking will be inherited by technical systems. As a consequence, users' basic psychological needs of feeling competent and autonomous will be restricted. This might reduce as well pleasure or fun of driving. In our video, we are presenting the vehicle interface "Hotzenplotz", which combines the advantages of both manual and automated driving to foster the joy of driving. By the optional possibility for accelerating, braking, and overtaking, users feel stimulated, and significantly more competent and autonomous as compared to purely automated driving.
Cited by:5
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Interactive demo: Rapid, live data supported prototyping with use
2017
Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inter…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Clemens Schartmüller, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/24/2017
Journal:Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Adjunct
Pages:239-241
Description:Hands-on research involving multiple tools and high fidelity prototypes is very rewarding. However, preparation, execution and evaluation is slow and inefficient due to the lack of streamlined development & analysis environments. Therefore, we demonstrate the prototyping capabilities of "User Studies Made Easy" -- a software framework for multi-tool user studies. To do so, we showcase a simple dashboard HMI, which uses live data from a driving simulation and physiological assessment tools, with an emphasis on how little effort was needed to implement it. Additionally offering the opportunity to participate in a hackathon competition for a trust calibrating dashboard further fosters discussion about possible improvements to USE, as well as the topic of trust and acceptance in automation.
Cited by:10
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Driving Hotzenplotz: a hybrid interface for vehicle control aiming to maximize pleasure in highway driving
2017
Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Schartmüller
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on automotive user interfaces and inter…
:mehr lesen
Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Clemens Schartmüller
Publication date:09/24/2017
Journal:Proceedings of the 9th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications
Pages:236-244
Description:A prerequisite to foster proliferation of automated driving is common system acceptance. However, different users groups (novice, enthusiasts) decline automation, which could be, in turn, problematic for a successful market launch. We see a feasible solution in the combination of the advantages of manual (autonomy) and automated (increased safety) driving. Hence, we've developed the Hotzenplotz interface, combining possibility-driven design with psychological user needs. A simulator study (N=30) was carried-out to assess user experience with subjective criteria (Need Scale, PANAS/-X, HEMA, AttrakDiff) and quantitative measures (driving behavior, HR/HRV) in different conditions. Our results confirm that pure AD is significantly less able to satisfy user needs compared to manual driving and make people feeling bored/out of control. In contrast, the Hotzenplotz interface has proven to reduce the negative effects …
Cited by:71
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Traffic augmentation as a means to increase trust in automated driving systems
2017
Philipp Wintersberger, Tamara von Sawitzky, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
Proceedings of the 12th biannual conference on italian sigchi chapter, 1-7
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Tamara von Sawitzky, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener
Publication date:09/18/2017
Journal:Proceedings of the 12th biannual conference on italian sigchi chapter
Pages:1-7
Description:Many human factor issues regarding automated driving systems are still unresolved. For instance, it is not fully clear if, and to what extent, drivers will accept and trust this novel technology. Trust in technology is of utmost importance to avoid both disuse and misuse. Possibilities for increasing user trust in automated driving systems include proper feedback aiming to build a shared mental model so that system intentions are visible to the driver. A potential approach could be to augment traffic and other relevant objects in the environment. Technical advancements in display technology would allow the use of windshield displays in the near future. To investigate the effect of augmented reality aids (presented as augmentations of traffic objects) in potentially ambiguous situations, we conducted a user study (n=26) and assessed qualitative (trust scale TS, technology acceptance model TAM) and quantitative (HRV …
Cited by:102
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Do moral robots always fail? Investigating human attitudes towards ethical decisions of automated systems
2017
Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener, Shailie Thakkar
, 1438-1444
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Frison, Andreas Riener, Shailie Thakkar
Publication date:08/28/2017
Pages:1438-1444
Publisher:IEEE
Description:Technological advances will soon make it possible for automated systems (such as vehicles or search and rescue drones) to take over tasks that have been performed by humans. Still, it will be humans that interact with these systems - relying on the system ('s decisions) will require trust in the robot/machine and its algorithms. Trust research has a long history. One dimension of trust, ethical or morally acceptable decisions, has not received much attention so far. Humans are continuously faced with ethical decisions, reached based on a personal value system and intuition. In order for people to be able to trust a system, it must have widely accepted ethical capabilities. Although some studies indicate that people prefer utilitarian decisions in critical situations, e.g. when a decision requires to favor one person over another, this approach would violate laws and international human rights as individuals must not be …
Cited by:11
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Am I driving or are you or are we both? A taxonomy for handover and handback in automated driving
2017
Philipp Wintersberger, Paul Green, Andreas Riener
Driving Assessment Conference 9 (2017)
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Paul Green, Andreas Riener
Publication date:06/29/2017
Journal:Driving Assessment Conference
Volume:9
Issue:2017
Publisher:University of Iowa
Description:In this paper, a taxonomy of handover and handback (ie, from manual to automatic control and vice versa) is proposed to be used by practitioners and researchers to help assure the duration of those periods are clearly defined, and accordingly, studies examining them are comparable and have repeatable results. Furthermore, use of this framework will help assure that those implementing automation will do so in a comprehensive manner. The taxonomy is more detailed than that in SAE Standard J3114. Handover includes the phases preparation, perception (of the handover signal), suspension (of in-vehicle tasks) and the actual process of taking over, which can be subdivided into sufficient (to steer and control speed) and full (where situation awareness is complete) control. Furthermore, handover can be imminent, scheduled, or user-initiated. For handback, the phases are initialization, the actual handback, and re-engagement (of the driver). Handback may be optional or mandatory and user-or system initiated. For both handover and handback processes, the duration and change of the control transfer (as a function of time) needs to be precisely described/specified.
Cited by:58
Resources:[PDF] from uiowa.edu
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The experience of ethics: Evaluation of self harm risks in automated vehicles
2017
Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Prison, Andreas Riener, Sinan Hasirlioglu
, 385-391
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Anna-Katharina Prison, Andreas Riener, Sinan Hasirlioglu
Publication date:06/11/2017
Pages:385-391
Publisher:IEEE
Description:Automated vehicles, but also safety or driver assistance systems for manually driven cars, will soon face situations where they have to choose between several options with negative or even lethal outcome for the one or the other party. Experimental ethics is an approach to evaluate expectations humans put into the morality of digital agents. With this work we present a personalized abstraction of the “Trolley Problem” evaluated in a driving simulator. The aim of the study was to assess drivers' individual attitudes in ethical decisions and derive common knowledge about how to solve such situations. In contrast to previous work, the study at hand looks at the problem from a holistic point of view, including uncertainty and accident risk (presented to subjects as their probability to survive). Furthermore, subjective scales and semi-structured interviews to determine subjects' justifications for ethical decisions complemented …
Cited by:35
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Effects of exhaust gases on laser scanner data quality at low ambient temperatures
2017
Sinan Hasirlioglu, Andreas Riener, Werner Huber, Philipp Wintersberger
, 1708-1713
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Authors:Sinan Hasirlioglu, Andreas Riener, Werner Huber, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:06/11/2017
Pages:1708-1713
Publisher:IEEE
Description:Safety systems in automated vehicles use surround sensors to perceive their local environment. In contrast to radar sensors, laser scanners provide precise spatial information, which can be used to identify critical traffic situations and trigger reversible or irreversible safety systems. As a consequence, already small errors in sensor data measurements could lead to severe accidents. The performance of surround sensors depends on the ambient atmosphere and weather condition. It is known that rain and fog have negative influence and leads to signal degradation. In winter time or cold climate, the ambient air temperature requires less moisture to attain high relative humidity or to become saturated. Therefore, the hot exhaust gases of vehicles are condensed instantly and can be seen as a distinct mass of fog. To the best of our knowledge, nobody has investigated effects of exhaust gases at low temperatures on …
Cited by:48
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Trust in technology as a safety aspect in highly automated driving
2016
Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
i-com 15 (3), 297-310
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:12/01/2016
Journal:i-com
Volume:15
Issue:3
Pages:297-310
Publisher:De Gruyter Oldenbourg
Description:Trust in technology is an important factor to be considered for safety-critical systems. Of particular interest today is the transport domain, as more and more complex information and assistance systems find their way into vehicles. Research in driving automation / automated driving systems is in the focus of many research institutes worldwide. On the operational side, active safety systems employed to save lives are frequently used by non-professional drivers that neither know system boundaries nor the underlying functional principle. This is a serious safety issue, as systems are activated under false circumstances and with wrong expectations. At least some of the recent incidents with advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) or automated driving systems (ADS; SAE J3016) could have been prevented with a full understanding of the driver about system functionality and limitations (instead of overreliance …
Cited by:34
Resources:[HTML] from degruyter.com
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Automated driving system, male, or female driver: Who’d you prefer? comparative analysis of passengers‘ mental conditions, emotional states & qualitative feedback
2016
Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Anna-Katharina Frison
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on automotive user interfaces and inter…
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Anna-Katharina Frison
Publication date:10/24/2016
Journal:Proceedings of the 8th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications
Pages:51-58
Description:It is expected that automated vehicles (AVs) will only be used when customers believe them to be safe, trustworthy, and match their personal driving style. As AVs are not very common today, most previous studies on trust, user experience, or acceptance measures in automated driving are based on qualitative measures. The approach followed in this work is different, as we compared the direct effect of human drivers versus automated driving systems (ADSs) on the front seat passenger. In a driving simulator study (N=48), subjects had either to ride with an ADS, a male, or a female driver. Driving scenarios were the same for all subjects. Findings from quantitative measurements (HRV, face tracking) and qualitative pre-/post study surveys and interviews suggest that there are no significant differences between the passenger groups. Our conclusion is, that passengers are already inclined to accept ADS and that the …
Cited by:77
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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A novel approach for researching crossing behavior and risk acceptance: The pedestrian simulator
2016
Igor Doric, Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Sebastian Wit…
Adjunct proceedings of the 8th international conference on automotive user interfaces a…
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Authors:Igor Doric, Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener, Sebastian Wittmann, Matheus Zimmermann, Thomas Brandmeier
Publication date:10/24/2016
Journal:Adjunct proceedings of the 8th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications
Pages:39-44
Description:To integrate unpredictable human behavior in the assessment of active and passive pedestrian safety systems, we introduce a virtual reality (VR)-based pedestrian simulation system. The device uses the Xsens Motion Capture platform and can be used without additional infrastructure. To show the systems applicability for pedestrian behavior studies, we conducted a pilot study evaluating the degree of realism such a system can achieve in a typical unregulated pedestrian crossing scenario. Six participants had to estimate vehicle speeds and distances in four scenarios with varying gaps between vehicles. First results indicate an acceptable level of realism so that the device can be used for further user studies addressing pedestrian behavior, pedestrian interaction with (automated) vehicles, risk assessment and investigation of the pre-crash phase without the risk of injuries.
Cited by:37
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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First person trolley problem: Evaluation of drivers‘ ethical decisions in a driving simulator
2016
Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Adjunct proceedings of the 8th international conference on automotive user interfaces a…
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Authors:Anna-Katharina Frison, Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:10/24/2016
Journal:Adjunct proceedings of the 8th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications
Pages:117-122
Description:No matter how safe automated driving will be in the future, there will remain situations where an accident is unavoidable and vehicles will have to decide between options that all potentially result in lethal outcome. Empirical ethics is one method that can provide decisions that are socially acceptable. To gain knowledge on attitudes towards ethical decision making in hazardous situations, we ran a driving simulator study with personalized abstractions of a classical ethical dilemma (cf., "Trolley Problem"). Our results indicate that drivers, who are confronted with the decision of sacrificing the life of others, want vehicles to decide utilitarian, even when the probability of their own survival is substantially low and provoking an accident could result in their own death. Interviews with subjects after the study revealed that such ethical decisions polarize: some could not live with possessing a vehicle that might harm others for …
Cited by:55
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A framework for analyzing and calibrating trust in automated vehicles
2016
Alexander G Mirnig, Philipp Wintersberger, Christine Sutter, Jürgen Ziegler
Adjunct proceedings of the 8th international conference on automotive user interfaces a…
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Authors:Alexander G Mirnig, Philipp Wintersberger, Christine Sutter, Jürgen Ziegler
Publication date:10/24/2016
Journal:Adjunct proceedings of the 8th international conference on automotive user interfaces and interactive vehicular applications
Pages:33-38
Cited by:64
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Driven by rewards: A ridesharing system addressing flexible commuting requirements
2016
Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
11th International Conference on Persuasive Technology, April 5-7, 2016, 6
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Andreas Riener
Publication date:04/05/2016
Journal:11th International Conference on Persuasive Technology, April 5-7, 2016
Pages:6
Publisher:Workshop on Persuasion in Transport Applications Salzburg
Description:Persuasive technology has the potential to influence people in choosing a sustainable mean of transportation instead of staying in the learned, convenient behavior of using the own car. Ridesharing systems offer a huge potential to improve commuter traffic by reducing the number of vehicles on our roads, and consequently the length’of traffic jams. One problem of existing digital ridesharing solutions is, however, that they often require to pre-register an upcoming trip using web-services or tedious online forms. We postulate that these services are thus not really suitable for todays’ flexible commuting requirements. As a potential solution, we propose a novel ridesharing concept that specifically targets commuters with daily flexible schedules. The systems stays “invisible” most of the time–meaning that there is little or almost no user interaction needed for offering or consuming services. A gamification-based approach is further used to stimulate more frequent use and, by rewarding usage of the system, creating additional personal benefit.
Cited by:2
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Driven by Rewards-Investigating new Features for Real-time Capable Ridesharing Systems/eingereicht von: Philipp Wintersberger, BSc
2015
Philipp Wintersberger
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:11/01/2015
Description:Although the general advantage of carpooling in an urban area’s commuting situation is well-known and a mentionable number of digital ridesharing applications have already been published, most car owners still commute to their workplace alone. This thesis tries to identify potential challenges of such systems and presents a new solution that tries to deal with those factors on all possible levels, leading to a new paradigm of a digital and mobile real-time carpooling system. The solution can be interweaved with public transport systems on the one hand while it tries to eliminate social, economical and psychological aspects that could prevent the usage on the other. When talking about ridesharing the problem definition seems very natural and straight-forward, but in reality this splits up into multiple situations (long-vs. short-term, dynamic vs. static, single vs. multi-passenger) that all need to be handled differently. As already marketready ridesharing systems often focus on middle-to long-term ridesharing and are less” dynamic” while scientific literature mainly concentrates on single tricky challenges like GPS data mining or matching optimizations we miss an overall consideration that tries to bring all those situations under the hood. To be able to construct a general purpose ridesharing application we break with many assumptions familiar applications give and try to give a recipe for future carpooling solutions. With this work we show that only slight changes in such systems’ core features can reduce the complexity of the involved tasks and allow to model those situations in a similar way while building a scalable carpooling solution that supports …
Resources:[PDF] from jku.at
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LumiConSense: a transparent, flexible, scalable, and disposable image sensor using thin-film luminescent concentrators
2014
Alexander Koppelhuber, Philipp Wintersberger, Clemens Birklbauer, Oliver Bimber
ACM SIGGRAPH 2014 Emerging Technologies, 1-1
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Authors:Alexander Koppelhuber, Philipp Wintersberger, Clemens Birklbauer, Oliver Bimber
Publication date:07/27/2014
Journal:ACM SIGGRAPH 2014 Emerging Technologies
Pages:1-1
Description:Our sensor [Koppelhuber and Bimber 2013] consists of a thin, transparent polycarbonate film, referred to as luminescent concentrator (LC), that is doped with fluorescent dyes. Light of a particular wavelength sub-band that penetrates the film is emitted in longer wavelengths, while wavelengths outside the sub-band are fully transmitted. The example shown in figure 1(a) absorbs blue and emits green light. The emitted light is mostly trapped inside the film by total internal reflection (TIR), and is transported with reduced multi-scattering towards the LC edges while losing energy over transport distance. The bright film edges indicate decoupling of the light integral transported to each edge point from all directions inside the LC.
Cited by:1
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Natural, intuitive finger-based input as a means of in-vehicle information system operation
2011
Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger
Proceedings of the Auto-UI, Salzburg, Austria 29
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Authors:Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:12/01/2011
Journal:Proceedings of the Auto-UI, Salzburg, Austria
Volume:29
Description:Both amount as well as dynamicity of content to be displayed in a car increases steadily, forcing manufacturer to change over to customizable screens integrated in dashboard and center console instead of dozens to hundreds of individual control signals. In addition, new requirements such as Internet access in the car or web services accessible while driving invalidates rudimentary display formats. Traditional forms of interaction such as buttons or knobs are unsuitable to respond to dynamic content shown on digital screens, requesting new mechanisms for distraction-free yet effective user (driver) input. We pick up this problem by introducing a novel sensing device allowing for natural, contactless, and eyes-free operation by relating finger movements in the area of the gearshift to screen coordinates. To assess quality features of this interface two research questions were formulated,(i) that the application of such a device would allow for natural, intuitive mouse pointer control in a similar manner than traditional forms of input and (ii) that the interface is insusceptible to varying workload conditions of the driver. Results from experimentation have revealed that, with respect to the first hypothesis, proximity sensing in a twodimensional plane is a viable approach to directly control a mouse cursor on a screen integrated into the dashboard. A generally accepted conclusion on the assumption that the index of performance of the interface does not change with varying workload (hypothesis ii) cannot be drawn. To simulate different conditions of workload a dual task signalresponse setting was used.
Cited by:6
Resources:[PDF] from researchgate.net
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Natural, intuitive finger based input as substitution for traditional vehicle control
2011
Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Inter…
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Authors:Andreas Riener, Philipp Wintersberger
Publication date:11/30/2011
Journal:Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
Pages:159-166
Description:Both amount as well as dynamicity of content to be displayed in a car increases steadily, forcing manufacturer to change over to customizable screens integrated in dashboard and center console instead of dozens to hundreds of individual control signals. In addition, new requirements such as Internet access in the car or web services accessible while driving invalidates rudimentary display formats. Traditional forms of interaction such as buttons or knobs are unsuitable to respond to dynamic content shown on digital screens, requesting new mechanisms for distraction-free yet effective user (driver) input. We pick up this problem by introducing a novel sensing device allowing for natural, contactless, and eyes-free operation by relating finger movements in the area of the gearshift to screen coordinates. To assess quality features of this interface two research questions were formulated, (i) that the application of such a …
Cited by:32
Resources:[PDF] from academia.edu
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Broken Telephone: A Tale of Two AIs in the Loop
Philipp Wintersberger, Jürgen Hagler
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Authors:Philipp Wintersberger, Jürgen Hagler
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Do Humans Trust AI or Its Developers? Exploring Benefits of Differentiating Trustees Within Trust in AI Frameworks
Nicolas Scharowski, Philipp Wintersberger
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Authors:Nicolas Scharowski, Philipp Wintersberger
Description:AI systems should be “understandable to non-technical audiences and providing them with meaningful information, which is necessary to evaluate fairness and gain trust”(Regulatory proposal 2021, European Commission)
Resources:[PDF] from unive.it
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Taming the eHMI jungle
DD Dey, A Habibovic, A Löcken, P Wintersberger, B Pfleging, A Riener, MH Martens, JM Te…
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Authors:DD Dey, A Habibovic, A Löcken, P Wintersberger, B Pfleging, A Riener, MH Martens, JM Terken
Description:There is a growing body of research in the field of interaction between automated vehicles and other road users in their vicinity. To facilitate such interactions, researchers and designers have explored designs, and this line of work has yielded several concepts of external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMI) for vehicles. Literature and media review reveals that the description of interfaces is often lacking in fidelity or details of their functionalities in specific situations, which makes it challenging to understand the originating concepts. There is also a lack of a universal understanding of the various dimensions of a communication interface, which has impeded a consistent and coherent addressal of the different aspects of the functionalities of such interface concepts. In this paper, we present a unified taxonomy that allows a systematic comparison of the eHMI across 18 dimensions, covering their physical characteristics and communication aspects from the perspective of human factors and human-machine interaction. We analyzed and coded 70 eHMI concepts according to this taxonomy to portray the state of the art and highlight the relative maturity of different contributions. The results point to a number of unexplored research areas that could inspire future work. Additionally, we believe that our proposed taxonomy can serve as a checklist for user interface designers and researchers when developing their interfaces.
Resources:[PDF] from academia.edu
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